一双短袜

一个天气晴好的午后,正沿着第五大道走着的时候,我突然想起应该去买双短袜。为什么我只想买一双短袜,并不重要。我走进第一家吸引了我的目光的袜店,一位少年店员走上前来,他的年纪也不过17岁。“先生,有什么可以为您效劳的？”“我想买一双短袜。”他的目光顿时变得闪亮,     

圣诞节忆旧

阁楼上的一只箱子里面放着：一鞋盒子的貂尾巴（一位古怪的太太曾经在我们屋里租房间住过,是从她看戏时穿的披风上脱落下来的）、几盘年久褪色和磨损的金丝、一颗银星、短短一串像糖果似的小灯泡,都很破旧了,肯定十分危险。拿来装点圣诞树,     

开端的结束

他在院子中央停下了割草机,因为他感觉到,就在那一刻,太阳落下,星星出现了。那些刚刚割下的草飞溅在他的脸上和身上,这会儿又悄然消失,无影无踪了。没错,星星出现了,起先隐隐约约,随后便在晴朗、浩茫的空中大放光彩。他听见走廊纱门啪地一下关上了,知道妻子在他凝望夜空时正在凝望着他。     

Postpartum depression, marital dysfunction, and infant outcome: a longitudinal study

This longitudinal study explores the relationship of postpartum depression (PPD) and marital dysfunction on infant outcomes from birth to 2 1/2 years of age among middle-class, postpartum women. Participants were recruited during the prenatal period. Twelve mothers completed the study throughout a 2 1/2-year period. Questionnaires, semistructured interviews, and observations were used to collect data. Content analysis of the interviews (Morse & Field, 1995) was conducted and thematic patterns were identified. Clinical PPD and marital dysfunction (defined as little or no support or closeness, or verbal, emotional or physical abuse) characterized nearly one in three mothers. Four themes describing the women's postpartum progression were identified: stress, isolation, resentment, and eventual adjustment by creating a new normal. No major developmental delays or behavioral problems were found among the infants. Eight of the 12 mothers who were initially identified as breastfeeding nursed their infants for 6-18 months. Regardless of financial and educational advantages, mothers in the study experienced depression and marital dysfunction. These findings support other studies that confirm the lack of association of PPD with social class or marital status. Childbirth educators and other health care professionals are encouraged to continue providing expectant families with anticipatory education and community resources in order to increase awareness of mental health and marital risks during the postpartum transition.     

博耶论通识教育

我们认为，普通教育亟待赋予新的必不可少的因素，需要使核心课程计划与学生的生活以及他们所继承中的世界的联系更加紧密协调。在学生们各自不同的兴趣之外，需要有某些共同的兴趣，有对知识更加综合化的观点和对生活更加深刻的理解。     

Parameters in television captioning for deaf and hard-of-hearing adults: effects of caption rate versus text reduction on comprehension

Caption rate and text reduction are factors that appear to affect the comprehension of captions by people who are deaf or hard of hearing. These 2 factors are confounded in everyday captioning; rate (in words per minute) is slowed by text reduction. In this study, caption rate and text reduction were manipulated independently in 2 experiments to assess any differential effects and possible benefits for comprehension by deaf and hard-of-hearing adults. Volunteers for the study included adults with a range of reading levels, self-reported hearing status, and different communication and language preferences. Results indicate that caption rate (at 130, 180, 230 words per minute) and text reduction (at 84%, 92%, and 100% original text) have different effects for different adult users, depending on hearing status, age, and reading level. In particular, reading level emerges as a dominant factor: more proficient readers show better comprehension than poor readers and are better able to benefit from caption rate and, to some extent, text reduction modifications.     

学术殖民主义在行动:美国认证他国大学

美国认证是针对美国高等教育的现实而设计的，它反映了美国学术系统的历史、规范以及价值观。作为一个学术超级大国，美国有义务不在全球滥用其学术强势。不存在任何形式的世界认证警察。     

How specific is the shape bias?

Children tend to extend object names on the basis of sameness of shape, rather than size, color, or material-a tendency that has been dubbed the "shape bias." Is the shape bias the result of well-learned associations between words and objects? Or does it exist because of a general belief that shape is a good indicator of object category membership? The present three studies addressed this debate by exploring whether the shape bias is specific to naming. In Study 1, 3-year-olds showed the shape bias both when asked to extend a novel name and when asked to select an object of the same kind as a target object. Study 2 found the same shape bias when children were asked to generalize properties relevant to category membership. Study 3 replicated the findings from Study 1 with 2-year-olds. These findings suggest that the shape bias derives from children's beliefs about object kinds and is not the product of associative learning.     

Navamaga: a new path to new lives

A project in Sri Lanka sponsored by USAID AND the Overseas Education Fund (OEF) used nonformal training to prepare development workers to help women's groups orgnize income-generating projects. OEF and the Women's Bureau developed a 2-phase program for a toatl of 2 months training, which was separated by a 5-month period of field work. By the time the project came to an end in June 1982, development officers had helped rural women set up 2000 income-generating activities in Sri Lanka. their net profit was US $32,000 per month or an average of US $16 per woman. The profits from their activities surpassed the cost of the training project in less than a year. In the following year another 2000 activities were successfully started, so that beneficiaries, as of June, 1983 totalled over 22,000 people--4000 rural wmen and their families. The project, therefore, had a positive impact in a variety of areas: increased agricultural population, increased employment, increased participation of women in economic activities, development of institutional capability in rural areas, raised income of the rural poor and enhancement of health and nutrition.     

开辟沿海航线

作为地中海最重要的商人,远程漫游的腓尼基人获得了丰厚的利润——还有大量咒骂。“你们的商业贸易已使你们充满了暴力和罪恶。”《圣经》中先知以西结这样警告提尔的国王,同时也预告了那个腓尼基海港的繁荣。在希腊神话中,腓尼基人俘虏那些被他们诱惑上他们船只的商人们,然后把他们卖掉为奴。《荷马》的主人公奥狄