Data Visualization as Participatory Research: A Model for Digital Collections to Inspire User-Driven Research

The emerging creative practices of digital collections are increasing in prominence thanks to the access to, and appeal of, data visualizations. Interactive data visualizations, such as a map, timeline, chart, graph, or artist’s rendering of data, enable users to pursue their own research interests within a collection and participate in new areas of research. Use of these data visualizations enhances the scope of the collection and enables a modern and diverse thematic collection to emerge. This article considers the question: Does the addition of data visualizations affect how users participate with a research collection? Impacts on collection development, application of user-centered design, and analysis of users’ exploratory strategies are discussed. Examples of data visualizations used in digital humanities projects and digital collections are presented as case studies.     

Getting What You Pay For: Children's Use of Market Norms to Regulate Exchanges

Children are sensitive to a number of considerations influencing distributions of resources, including equality, equity, and reciprocity. We tested whether children use a specific type of reciprocity norm—market norms—in which resources are distributed differentially based strictly on amount offered in return. In two studies, 195 children 5–10 years and 60 adults distributed stickers to friends offering same or different amounts of money. Overall, participants distributed more equally when offers were the same and more unequally when offers were different. Although sensitive to why friends offered different amounts of money, children increasingly incorporated market norms into their distributions with age, as the oldest children and adults distributed more to those offering more, irrespective of the reasons provided.     

北洋水师旅顺基地的非议与选址之争

1881年底,李鸿章亲临旅顺勘察后,确定以旅顺为北洋水师的大型基地,继而大力兴办旅顺海防工程。这引起了中外人士的广泛关注,非但洋务派官僚,英、法、德、日等国的海军人士也纷纷前往观瞻。在旅顺现场勘察的基础上,出于认识与目的的不同,中外人士广泛非议旅顺的价值,批评旅顺基地的选址不当,进而引发了旅顺与威海卫、旅顺与胶州湾的选址之争。李鸿章在幕僚意见的影响下,基于他的布防思想并北洋海防筹办经费拮据的实际,力排众议,最终坚持以旅顺为“北洋第一重捍卫”,为“北洋水师总汇之区”。     

杭州市老年人体育锻炼的特点和现状的调查研究

通过献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法，对目前杭州市老年人的生活特点、体育锻炼的目的、内容方式和影响制约老年人进行锻炼的因素进行分析，总结杭州市老年人参与体育锻炼的特点和现状。并通过分析，提出更加合理与科学的锻炼方法，从而能使老年人的锻炼更加有意义，使老年的生命更有质量。     

Medieval and renaissance glass technology in Valdelsa (Florence). Part 1: raw materials, sands and non-vitreous finds

A significant number of archaeological finds of the 13th–16th century from the Tuscan sites of Germagnana and Gambassi in Valdelsa—FI, was studied by different physico-chemical investigations (SEM–EDS, ICP, Mössbauer spectroscopy, XRD, XRF, TG-DTA) in order to contribute to clarify the production methodology and the pre-industrial glass manufacture technology. The studied samples are mainly non-vitreous finds as production waste, refractory materials, crucibles and raw materials; also vitreous finds as frits, skims, glasses (glass masses, glass working waste and finished products) have been taken into consideration. The obtained petrographic and physico-chemical data strongly suggest that both Gambassi and Germagnana glass manufactures were strictly connected with the sources of vitrifiable materials, situated in Tuscan sand quarries. In particular a comparison between sands from the neighbouring quarries and appropriate finds of the two archaeological sites evidences that the employed vitrifiable materials possibly belong to La Casina La Cava resort. The archaeological classification, based on macroscopic observation and stratigraphic position, was compared and verified with the scientific classification of the examined finds of Germagnana and Gambassi sites based on their composition, morphology and physico-chemical properties.     

民族体育融入社区体育发展的可行性研究

中国民族体育源远流长，是人类历史文化中极为珍贵的一部分，但目前远未被充分利用。社区体育作为社区经济发展的主要内容，也是新世纪我国发展群众体育的一大重头戏。通过分述民族体育与社区体育的概况，并对把民族体育融入社区体育中共同发展的可行性进行研究。     

高水平射击运动员心理选材指标的研究

本文通过与射击运动紧密相关的五项心理指标：简单反应时、肩臂动作稳定性、手指本体感、智力、个性等的分析讨论，拟从高水平健将级运动员身上明确其成功潜在的心理因素，服务于运动员的科学选材。     

浅论英雄崇拜对体育文化的影响

英雄和英雄崇拜是人类历史长河中一个经久不衰的话题 ,它从人类诞生的那天起就伴随着人类的发展而不断地发展变化。英雄的强大力量对人类的发展起着推波助澜的作用 ,当然这不是说英雄史观的再现 ,而是说英雄的存在能使人们有了自己的航线 ,不停地把整个社会推向前进 ,使人类社会更加有组织地发展。随着人类的发展 ,英雄崇拜的类型和方式也在不停地发生变化 ,在对人类影响巨大的体育领域出现了体育明星崇拜现象 ,体育明星也是体育界的英雄 ,对体育明星的崇拜使得体育人才辈出 ,尤其是竞技体育领域不断演绎着一部精彩的进行曲。以对体育英雄的崇拜现象为出发点 ,阐述它对体育文化的影响 ,以及如何利用这种现象促进体育事业的发展。