调查和评估职业教育机构的现代手段

一、对学校的调查和评估一些西方国家为了评价学校和教育机构的实际水平，往往采取规范化、系统化的调查方法。用这种方法对学校进行评价，要靠客观的调查标准，要查明学校的现状，而不是考虑学校以前的荣誉或以前的贡献。评估时首先需要有明确的目标要能够处理应用的指标。在这种指标的基础上，通过系统化的调查和评价，我们才能获知职教机构的个别弱点和优势。调查的结果使我们能够评价课程的针对性以及整个教学和培训过程的效果。评估的结果对教育机构能发挥反馈作用，提供指导和启发，使学校优化教学过程、修改课程和教学计划、培养具…     

密度估计量在混合条件下的L_1收敛性

我们考虑取值在R~d上的随机变量的一般核密度估计量,并证明在混合的假设下,此估计①在L_1中全收敛的充分必要条件与i·i·d 情形的一样。     

浅谈地理信息系统在水文工作中的应用

科学技术的发展日新月异，以计算机为代表的信息化技术在现代社会进步中扮演着非常重要的角色。     

英国中学科学教育新动向

中学生在化学课上都会学到卤元素,包括元素氟在内。氟是化学性质很活跃的一种元素,化学教师津津乐道的是氟的强氧化作用,可是学生想知道氟化物在饮用水里的作用,这种强氧化物还会对牙齿有好处,学生感到很奇怪。其实氟和氟化物     

FLOSSWorld全球调查结果显示服务器更多使用开源软件

FLOSSWorld调查的主体由5部分构成,包括:个人(Private sector)、政府(Government sector)、开源社区参与者(Open Source participants community)、高校管理者(Heigher Education Institutes——Administrators)、高校信息部门主管(Heigher Education Institute——ITManagers)     

Synthetic and biological studies on a cyclopolypeptide of plant origin

Objective: A natural cyclic peptide previously isolated from Citrus medica was synthesized by coupling oftetrapep-tide units Boc-Leu-Pro-Trp-Leu-Ome and Boc-Ile-Ala-Ala-Gly-Ome after proper deprotection at carboxyl and amino terminals followed by cyclization of linear octapeptide segment.Methods: Solution phase technique was adopted for the synthesis of cyclooctapeptide--sarcodactylamide.Required tetrapeptide units were prepared by coupling of Boc-protected dipeptides viz.Boc-Leu-Pro-OH and Boc-Ile-Ala-OH with respective dipeptide methyl esters Trp-Leu-Ome and Ala-Gly-Ome.Cyclization of linear octapeptide unit was done by p-nitrophenyl ester method.The structure of synthesized cyclopolypeptide was elucidated by FTIR,1H NMR,13C NMR,FABMS spectral data and elemental analysis.The newly synthesized peptide was evaluated for dif-ferent pharmacological activities including antimicrobial,anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities.Results: Synthesis of sarcodac-tylamide was accomplished with >78% yield utilizing dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as coupling agent.Newly synthesized peptide possessed potent cytotoxic activity against Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines,in addition to moderate anthelmintic activity against earthworms Megascoplex konkanensis,Pontoscotex corethruses and Eudrilus sp.Moreover,cyclopolypeptide displayed good antimicrobial activity against pathogenic fungi Candida albicans and Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa,in comparison to standard drugs griseofulvin and ciprofloxacin.Conclusion: Solution phase technique employing DCC and triethylamine (TEA) as base proved to be effective for the synthesis of natural cyclooctapeptide.N-methyl morpholine (NMM) was found to be a better base for the cyclization of linear octapeptide unit in comparison to TEA and pyridine.     

Developmental links of very early phonological and language skills to second grade reading outcomes: strong to accuracy but only minor to fluency

The authors examined second grade reading accuracy and fluency and their associations via letter knowledge to phonological and language predictors assessed at 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 years in children in the Jyv?skyl? Longitudinal Study of Dyslexia. Structural equation modeling showed that a developmentally highly stable factor (early phonological and language processing [EPLP]) behind key dyslexia predictors (i.e., phonological awareness, short-term memory, rapid naming, vocabulary, and pseudoword repetition) could already be identified at 3.5 years. EPLP was significantly associated with reading and spelling accuracy and by age with letter knowledge. However, EPLP had only a minor link with reading fluency, which was additionally explained by early letter knowledge. The results show that reading accuracy is well predicted by early phonological and language skills. Variation in fluent reading skills is not well explained by early skills, suggesting factors other than phonological core skills. Future research is suggested to explore the factors behind the development of fast and accurate decoding skills.     

会开汽车的儿子

儿子从小就喜欢汽车,现在他正在学开车。说来可能你们不会相信,这位小司机今年才刚刚4岁。并且,他开的并不是玩具汽车,也不是把什么椅子倒转来,装模作样地开着玩,而是地地道道坐在福特汽车的驾驶座上,像模像样地操纵着方向盘,完全像个有着丰富经验的老驾驶员。     

提高國家對學校視導工作的作用

共產黨對於國家的監督事業,對於檢查黨與政府指示的執行情况的工作,始終是極其重視的。蘇聯共產黨第十九次代表大會,就非常注意國家監督與檢查工作的問题。只有自上而下的檢查和自下而上的檢查相結合,黨與非黨羣眾的檢查相結合,才能保證及時地消除我們組織和機關工作中的缺點,才能創造條件、及時地而準確地執行决議和指示。因此,代表大會號召領導機關,在進行檢查執行情况的工作時,要依靠廣大的勞動羣眾,依靠黨、工會和青年團組織,依靠地方蘇維埃的積極分子。第十九次黨代表大會的這些指示,對於教育機關來說也有着巨大的意義。國民教育工作中存在的嚴重缺點,在很大程度上是由於國家監督薄弱和對黨與政府指示的執行情况檢查不够的結果。     

英国文学的新时代

《当代文学简介》是布斯在云南大学的讲稿,这里选译了其中的第一讲:“英国文学的新时代”和第十二讲:“威廉·萨默赛特·毛姆。”第一讲是英国当代文学概述,以后各讲均为作家评介,今后将继续选译部分作家评介。