战国秦汉时期的里社与私社

近年来长江流域出土的简牍材料表明,战国秦汉时期南方楚地存在着很多里。里皆有其社,社主又有“地主”、“侯土”等异名。围绕着里社的巫术活动十分盛行。从战国至汉代,里、社合一之制基本得到沿续,然而里、社分离的历史趋势已明显存在。西汉晚期,民间百姓在里社(官社)之外另立私社。东汉初年的《序宁祷券》证明了此种私社的存在,西汉中期邗江汉墓的《神灵名位牍》和秦朝末年的周家台秦简《日书》中关于私社的内容,比文献中唯一一条材料(见《汉书.五行志》)要分别提前36年和177年。     

Features of the Formation of Multi-view Autostereoscopic Image without Vertical Parallax

1.Introduction The reproduction systems of 3D images without using eyeglasses and other special accessories has always attracted attention and aroused great interest of developers and consumers of such equipment because of totally accurate image and method of its presentation.Such systems can be used and are already partially used in advertising,television,different devices (i.e.smartphones,tablet computers),at the exhibitions,etc.,as well as in various technical applications,training systems,simulators,etc.     

爸爸妈妈 你们为什么不吻我呢

小女孩辛迪和她的爸爸妈妈生活在一起。她的家庭并不富裕,但一家人非常和睦,生活也很幸福。然而生活中好像还存在着什么缺憾,辛迪没意识到。辛迪9岁那年,第一次在外面过夜,那是在她的好朋友黛比家。睡觉前黛比的妈妈进来,分别轻轻地吻了吻她们的额头,并向她们道了“晚安”。“我爱你,黛比。”当黛比的妈妈吻过黛比之后,轻声地说道。“我也爱您,妈妈。”黛比喃喃地应道。面对此情此景,辛迪不禁大吃一惊,心中久久不能平静。从她记事以来,从来就没有人吻过她,还向她道晚安、说爱她之类的话。整整一夜,她的眼前始终闪现着黛比的妈妈轻吻黛比时的…     

CAI在课堂教学中的应用

CAI不仅能使学生容易理解和掌握知识 ,更重要的是能帮助引导学生发现科学知识间的内在联系及规律 ,增强其创新意识 .     

数数"纪律牌"

中班的幼儿活泼好动,做事常常带有很强的随意性,如有的孩子不愿意收拾玩具,有的孩子听到集合的指令不能及时执行等。为了培养良好的常规意识,提高幼儿的自控能力,我采用了发"纪律牌"的做法。     

FLOSSWorld全球调查结果显示服务器更多使用开源软件

FLOSSWorld调查的主体由5部分构成,包括:个人(Private sector)、政府(Government sector)、开源社区参与者(Open Source participants community)、高校管理者(Heigher Education Institutes——Administrators)、高校信息部门主管(Heigher Education Institute——ITManagers)     

Synthetic and biological studies on a cyclopolypeptide of plant origin

Objective: A natural cyclic peptide previously isolated from Citrus medica was synthesized by coupling oftetrapep-tide units Boc-Leu-Pro-Trp-Leu-Ome and Boc-Ile-Ala-Ala-Gly-Ome after proper deprotection at carboxyl and amino terminals followed by cyclization of linear octapeptide segment.Methods: Solution phase technique was adopted for the synthesis of cyclooctapeptide--sarcodactylamide.Required tetrapeptide units were prepared by coupling of Boc-protected dipeptides viz.Boc-Leu-Pro-OH and Boc-Ile-Ala-OH with respective dipeptide methyl esters Trp-Leu-Ome and Ala-Gly-Ome.Cyclization of linear octapeptide unit was done by p-nitrophenyl ester method.The structure of synthesized cyclopolypeptide was elucidated by FTIR,1H NMR,13C NMR,FABMS spectral data and elemental analysis.The newly synthesized peptide was evaluated for dif-ferent pharmacological activities including antimicrobial,anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities.Results: Synthesis of sarcodac-tylamide was accomplished with >78% yield utilizing dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as coupling agent.Newly synthesized peptide possessed potent cytotoxic activity against Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines,in addition to moderate anthelmintic activity against earthworms Megascoplex konkanensis,Pontoscotex corethruses and Eudrilus sp.Moreover,cyclopolypeptide displayed good antimicrobial activity against pathogenic fungi Candida albicans and Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa,in comparison to standard drugs griseofulvin and ciprofloxacin.Conclusion: Solution phase technique employing DCC and triethylamine (TEA) as base proved to be effective for the synthesis of natural cyclooctapeptide.N-methyl morpholine (NMM) was found to be a better base for the cyclization of linear octapeptide unit in comparison to TEA and pyridine.     

基于国家教育标准的地理教材

为进一步增强美国地理教育。我们要做的许多事情之一就是改进教材的质量。其中最主要的三个方面的任务是:(1)开发优良的教材,(2)利用教师联盟的在职培训网络和职前教育计划培训教师使用这种新教材,(3)通过提供强有力的课程指导,特别是将教材与师资培训和基于国家     

Deafness, language skills, and rehearsal: a model for the development of a memory strategy

We review a series of studies that evaluate the role of developing language skills as a prerequisite to spontaneous rehearsal use in deaf populations. We propose a theoretical model that summarizes the contribution of language skills by highlighting the interrelations among age, language proficiency, and automatized language skills. In an initial test of the model, an index of deaf children's language experience was found to be an almost complete mediator of strategy use. Increasing language proficiency, therefore, was implicated as a critical variable in predicting children's spontaneous rehearsal use, minimizing any direct contribution from age per se. In a more direct assessment of the link between general language proficiency and rehearsal use, pragmatic language skills (as measured by the Language Proficiency Profile: LPP-I) were found to be a nearly complete mediator of rehearsal use, with the remaining contributions of age and language experience being nonsignificant. Language proficiency, therefore, was identified as a strong and necessary prerequisite for rehearsal to be used spontaneously as a memory strategy. The additional hypothesis that the automatization of these general language skills, measured by a rapid automatized naming task (RAN), contributes to spontaneous rehearsal was also evaluated. Automatized language emerged as a partial mediator of the language proficiency → rehearsal use relation but additional language-processing variables were implicated. We discuss these findings as they relate to issues around the nature of language proficiency and the identification of those automatized language skills involved in rehearsal.     

J2EE平台在行政审批服务系统中的应用

本文分析了电子政务对国民经济所起的重大作用,简要介绍了当前流行的J2EE架构的分布式对象结构特点。设计了一个J2EE架构下的行政审批服务系统,它由客户层、中间层和企业信息系统层等三个层次组成。同时,对系统的设计方法、软件结构及实现技术进行了探讨。