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We examine the incident known as “Climategate” in which emails and other documents relating to climate scientists and their work were illegitimately accessed and posted to the Internet. The contents of the files prompted questions about the credibility of climate science and the legitimacy of some of the climate scientists’ practices. Multiple investigations unfolded to repair the boundary that had been breached. While exonerating the scientists of wrongdoing and endorsing the legitimacy of the consensus opinion, the investigating committees suggested revisions to some scientific practices. Despite this boundary repair work, the credibility and legitimacy of the scientific enterprise were not fully restored in the eyes of several stakeholders. We explore why this is the case, identify boundary bridging approaches to address these issues, and highlight policy implications. 相似文献
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More than one-third of all Canadian faculty are part-timers who contribute significantly to academic work while consuming only marginally universities' economic resources. Mythical images of their temporariness in the workforce obfuscate the differences of career aspiration and motivation within the group. Two factors render them invisible or hidden academics: one rooted in the economics of the university system and the second in the ideological structures of academic practices and traditions. In the political economy of universities the relentless drive to manage enrolment, finances, and teaching costs has resulted in a bureaucratic rationalization of the academic workload and a bifurcated academic labour force hierarchically split into full- and part-time faculties with radically different work processes and treatment within universities. Part-timers are now a permanent and low-cost academic workforce, producing a surplus value transferable within the university to compensate for what would otherwise be fiscal shortfall. Degradation of certain workprocesses by rationalizing and de-professionalizing certain academic functions legitimized the academic workforce split in relative pay and job characteristics, which reinforces the evident feminization of the part-time faculty. 相似文献
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Santosh Kumar Maurya Kanwal Raj Arvind Kumar Srivastava 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(4):404-409
The root of Glycyrrhiza glabra is a traditional medicine used mainly for the treatment of peptic ulcer, hepatitis C, pulmonary
and skin diseases, although clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has several other useful pharmacological properties
such as antiinflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidative, anticancer activities, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective
and cardioprotective effects. Glycyrrhizinic acid, a major component of licorice, has antiulcer effect by raising the local
concentration of prostaglandins that promote mucous secretion and cell proliferation in the stomach. Glycyrrhizin shows hepatoprotective
effect by preventing changes in cell membrane permeability, inhibiting phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and increasing survival rate of hepatocytes. Glabridin has effect in melanogenesis and inflammation by inhibiting the tyrosinase
activity of melanocytes. α-glycyhrritinic acid exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting glucocorticoid metabolism.
In present study ethanolic (95%) extract of root of Glycyrrhiza glabra and its fractions were investigated for its antidyslipidaemic
activity on HFD induced dyslipidaemic hamsters. Ethanolic extract and its ethyl acetate soluble, water soluble and hexane
soluble fractions decreased serum level of total cholesterol by 25.9, 38.0, 39.0 and 26.3%, respectively. On the other hand
ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate soluble, water soluble and hexane soluble fraction increased the serum HDL-cholesterol level
by 14.8, 34.3, 27.3 and 17.2%, respectively. Ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction, aqueous fraction and hexane fraction
decreased triglyceride level by 31.3, 37.2, 41.2 and 28.9%, respectively. The reduction in LDL-cholesterol level by ethanolic
extract, ethyl acetate soluble fraction and water soluble fraction were 43.9, 31.0, 33.4 and 24.6%, respectively. 相似文献
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The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate the potential use of individual food attitudes and behaviors in determining the personality characteristic of openness. For this purpose, the Food Attitude Behavior Openness Scale (FABOS) was developed and administered to a sample of hospitality management students. Individuals scored similarly on the FABOS instrument, the Attitudinal Behavioral Openness Scale (ABOS) and the Tolerance–Intolerance of Ambiguity (TIA) scale. Results from this study suggested that food attitudes and behaviors could act as an indicator of the personality characteristic of openness. This is the first study of its kind that has attempted to connect food attitudes and behaviors with openness. 相似文献
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This study examined how race and gender of reporters and community diversity influenced use of women and minority sources in local television coverage of the 2002 governor's race in Michigan. Content analysis of campaign stories broadcasted by four local television stations revealed that women reporters were more likely than their male colleagues to use women and nonpartisan sources such as experts and ordinary citizens. But minority journalists were only slightly more likely to use minority sources and were less likely than nonminorities to use nonpartisan sources. 相似文献
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Jayashree Ramadas Shrish Barve Arvind Kumar 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(5):615-629
This concluding part of a study on Galilean relativity focuses on students’ notions with regard to the inertial and non‐inertial character of frames of reference. (See Panse et al. 1994, Ramadas et al. 1996). The results show that students: adopt kinematic criteria for deciding the inertial or non‐inertial character of frames; consider this character to be a ‘relative’ property of two frames rather than an intrinsic property of a given frame; and equate pseudo‐forces to ‘imaginary’ forces. Centrifugal force is associated with rotating objects rather than with rotating frames; the latter are localized by the finite extension of their associated objects. Anthropomorphic criteria are invoked to judge the existence of centrifugal force, which is regarded as a reaction (in the sense of Newton's third law) to the centripetal force on a rotating object. 相似文献
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