Two years' experience with recording equipment

THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION AND TRANSITION 1960–1961. Edited by Paul T. David. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1961; pp. x+353. $3.75.

THE GREAT DEBATES: BACKGROUND, PERSPECTIVE, EFFECTS. Edited by Sidney Kraus. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 1962; pp. 439. $7.95.

REPORT OF THE COUNTY CHAIRMAN. By James A. Michener. New York: Random House, 1961; pp. 310. $3.95.

SIX CRISES. By Richard M. Nixon. New York: Doubleday, 1962; pp. xvi+459. $5.95.

THE MAKING OF THE PRESIDENT 1960. By Theodore H. White. New York: Atheneum Publishers, 1961; pp. viii+393. $6.95.     

Secondary-school students' motivation for portfolio reflection

Several studies concluded that deep reflection is infrequently reached in student portfolios. An explanation for these disappointing conclusions might be that motivation for portfolio reflection determines the quality of reflection. This study aimed to examine the relationship between motivation for using digital portfolios and reflection. Participants were 156 eleventh-grade students in secondary education, whose motivation for composing a digital portfolio was measured by the motivation part of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire. Portfolios of 37 of the 156 students were examined in terms of the amount and nature of reflection by means of a coding scheme based on Mezirow's model of transformative learning. On average, one-fifth (19.5%) of the paragraphs in a portfolio contained reflection, and paragraphs with deep reflection were hardly found (0.8%). It was concluded that motivation for composing a portfolio was fair, but not related to the amount and nature of reflection. This exploratory study gives rise to further research into factors that might influence the quality of portfolio reflection.