试论新课程纲要下高校体育教学中存在的问题及对策

大学生担负着未来我国社会建设的重任,因此,对大学生身心健康发展进行的教育受到了党和政府的高度关注,并出台了一系列的政策对教育工作予以指导.高校体育教学新课程纲要的出台就是党和政府高度重视学生体育工作的表现.文章分析了新课程纲要出台几年后,当前我国高校体育教学过程中仍存在的一些问题,并对这些问题的解决提出了自己的思路和建议,以期能够对广大高校体育教育工作者有所借鉴.     

Good Readers Get Smart: Reading Orientations in a Second-Grade Classroom

The primary goal of this research is to better understand my students' reading orientations – what they believe it means to be a successful reader. I also seek to identify the relationship between those beliefs and my teaching. The data come primarily from six focal students in my second-grade classroom in an urban public charter elementary school in Oakland, California. Focal students were observed, interviewed, and asked to discuss and rank vignettes of readers with varying reading behaviors, skills, and habits. In addition, I drew on systematic reflections about my own teaching and students. Results showed that focal students shared reading orientations toward aspects of fluency, such as accuracy, and knowledge-level comprehension skills, such as retelling events from a story. Results also showed that students' responses correlated closely with teaching points emphasized both within my classroom and around the school. These results, in combination with data from observations, led me to discover that students' reading orientations may have both public and private aspects. In other words, their stated preferences might differ from their private inclinations. These findings suggest that teachers need to be organized and intentional around the messages that they send to students about successful reading. They also suggest that teachers create environments in which various purposes and reading behaviors are valued.     

对大学贫困生实施团体心理训练策略的研究

针对大学贫困生在大学所面临的特殊问题,设计了一套以团体心理训练为核心的心理援助方案。旨在通过分析自身的特点,不断发掘自己的特长和优势,纠正贫困生的不良认知和习惯,使其心理素质等得到提升,同时也为改善大学贫困生心理健康状况提供了依据。     

Efficacy and safety of drug-eluting stent implantation for the treatment of in-stent restenosis occurring within bare-metal stent and drug-eluting stent

Objective:Although drug-eluting stent(DES) implantation is the primary treatment modality for bare-metal stent(BMS) in-stent restenosis(ISR),little is known about the efficacy and safety profile of DES in the treatment of DES-ISR.The goal of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes following DES treatment for BMS-ISR and DES-ISR.Methods:Rates of major adverse cardiac events(MACE) were compared in 97 consecutive patients who underwent DES implantation for the treatment of ISR(56 BMS-ISR and 41 DES-ISR) from January 2004 to December 2008.Results:Baseline clinical and procedural characteristics were comparable,except that the DES used in the BMS-ISR group was longer and had a larger diameter.The length of follow-up was(28.60±1.96) and(20.34±1.54) months for the BMS-ISR and DES-ISR groups,respectively.One patient(1.8%) experienced non-cardiac mortality and one(1.8%) had target-vessel revascularization(TVR) in the BMS-ISR group.In the DES-ISR group,three patients(7.3%) died of sudden death with a documented acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,and three suffered TVR(7.3%).Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that cumulative survival probability and MACE-free probability were both significantly lower for the DES-ISR group(log rank test P=0.047 and P=0.005,respectively).In Cox regression analysis,DES-ISR remained an independent predictor for future MACE occurrence after adjustment for other factors(compared with BMS-ISR,risk ratio(RR)=8.743,95% confidence interval(CI) 1.54-49.54,P=0.014).Switching to a different type of DES to treat DES-ISR did not improve the prognosis.Conclusion:DES-ISR patients had a poorer prognosis than BMS-ISR patients after DES therapy.     

哥尔多尼的即兴喜剧改革

18世纪中期,哥尔多尼对旧式的即兴喜剧在剧本、舞美、人物等多个方面进行了逐步的改革,尽管在这些改革中传统即兴喜剧的一些重要要素被减弱或者消除,但这些改革使即兴喜剧这一传统剧种与当时的时代精神更为契合。哥尔多尼对即兴喜剧的改革不仅仅使这一在当时已稍显颓势的传统剧种重新焕发了生机,他在这一系列改革中的创作经验和成果也奠定了之后意大利现实主义喜剧的基调。     

科学评判方言语调和语调偏误

科学地界定普通话水平测试中“语调偏误”的内涵,是制定合理的评分标准的基础。普通话水平测试中“方言语调”的外延应大干语言科学中界定的“语调”。“方言语调”与“语调偏误”的内涵是一致的。评判语调偏误应遵循先精确后模糊的原则。     

发挥导师在研究生思想政治教育中首要责任人的作用

目前在研究生培养中存在重视专业教育而忽视思想政治教育的现象,由此导致研究生群体中出现很多亟待解决的问题。文章通过分析导师教书育人的双重职责,阐明了导师在研究生思想政治教育中首要责任人的地位,并从培养单位、导师、辅导员、研究生四个方面提出了发挥导师在研究生思想政治教育中作用的具体做法,为提高研究生思想政治教育成效提供了新的思路。     

Right-left digit ratio (2D:4D) and maximal oxygen uptake

A low digit ratio (2D:4D) and low 2D:4D in the right compared with the left hand (right-left 2D:4D) are thought to be determined by high in utero concentrations of testosterone, and are related to "masculine" traits such as aggression and performance in sports like running and rugby. Low right-left 2D:4D is also related to sensitivity to testosterone as measured by the number of cytosine-adenine-guanine triplet repeats in exon 1 of the androgen receptor gene. Here we show that low right-left 2D:4D is associated with high maximal oxygen uptake (VO2(max)), high velocity at VO2(max), and high maximum lactate concentration in a sample of teenage boys. We suggest that low right-left 2D:4D is linked to performance in some sports because it is a proxy of high sensitivity to prenatal and maybe also circulating testosterone and high VO2(max).     

The effects of different doses of caffeine on endurance cycling time trial performance

This study investigated the effects of two different doses of caffeine on endurance cycle time trial performance in male athletes. Using a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study design, sixteen well-trained and familiarised male cyclists (Mean ± s: Age = 32.6 ± 8.3 years; Body mass = 78.5 ± 6.0 kg; Height = 180.9 ± 5.5 cm VO2(peak) = 60.4 ± 4.1 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) completed three experimental trials, following training and dietary standardisation. Participants ingested either a placebo, or 3 or 6 mg x kg(-1) body mass of caffeine 90 min prior to completing a set amount of work equivalent to 75% of peak sustainable power output for 60 min. Exercise performance was significantly (P < 0.05) improved with both caffeine treatments as compared to placebo (4.2% with 3 mg x kg(-1) body mass and 2.9% with 6 mg x kg(-1) body mass). The difference between the two caffeine doses was not statistically significant (P = 0.24). Caffeine ingestion at either dose resulted in significantly higher heart rate values than the placebo conditions (P < 0.05), but no statistically significant treatment effects in ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were observed (P = 0.39). A caffeine dose of 3 mg x kg(-1) body mass appears to improve cycling performance in well-trained and familiarised athletes. Doubling the dose to 6 mg x kg(-1) body mass does not confer any additional improvements in performance.     

基于系统动力学的西安物流产业发展策略分析

现代物流产业,已成为衡量一个国家(地区)综合进步和现代化程度的重要标志。本论文通过总结西安物流产业发展的动因,分析其发展的制约因素,利用系统动力学方法,对西安市的物流系统进行建模与仿真,最后根据结果给出启示性对策,希望由此可以寻求一些新的突破,为研究成果匮乏的西安市现代物流服务业发展提供一定的参考价值。