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991.
The ability to find tables and extract information from them is a necessary component of many information retrieval tasks. Documents often contain tables in order to communicate densely packed, multi-dimensional information. Tables do this by employing layout patterns to efficiently indicate fields and records in two-dimensional form. Their rich combination of formatting and content presents difficulties for traditional retrieval techniques. This paper describes techniques for extracting tables from text and retrieving answers from the extracted information. We compare machine learning (especially, Conditional Random Fields) and heuristic methods for table extraction. To retrieve answers, our approach creates a cell document, which contains the cell and its metadata (headers, titles) for each table cell, and the retrieval model ranks the cells of the extracted tables using a language-modeling approach. Performance is tested using government statistical Web sites and news articles, and errors are analyzed in order to improve the system. 相似文献
992.
The effects of reticence on group interaction 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Bruce C. McKinney 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(2):124-128
Research regarding the effects of reticence on group interaction reveals that reticence does not necessarily impede the group process; however, reticent individuals are seen as less effective participators due to their limited vocal activity, and they are less likely to emerge as the group's leader. Research on the effects of reticence on group interaction is reviewed and suggestions are made to instructors of the small groups course regarding helping reticent students participate in the small group. 相似文献
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Bruce Maxwell 《Educational theory》2010,60(2):167-188
Philosophers tend to assume that theoretical frameworks in psychology suffer from conceptual confusion and that any influence that philosophy might have on psychology should be positive. Going against this grain, Dan Lapsley and Darcia Narváez attribute the Kohlbergian paradigm's current state of marginalization within psychology to Lawrence Kohlberg's use of ethical theory in his model of cognitive moral development. Post‐Kohlbergian conceptions of moral psychology, they advance, should be wary of theoretical constructs derived from folk morality, refuse philosophical starting points, and seek integration with literatures in psychology, not philosophy. In this essay, Bruce Maxwell considers and rejects Lapsley and Narváez's diagnosis. The Kohlbergian paradigm's restricted conception of the moral domain is the result of a selective reading of one tendency in ethical theorizing (Kantianism). The idea that moral psychology may find shelter from normative criticism by avoiding ethics‐derived models overlooks the deeper continuity between “ethical theory” and “psychological theory.”
相似文献
997.
This study investigated the impact of managers' educational levels on productivity in the commercial poultry industry in Ghana. The level of education of 33 production managers of the poultry farms were factored into a Cobb‐Douglas production function with other explanatory variables. The computed percentage change in productivity due to higher education relative to secondary education was 10%. The interaction terms of basic education, experience, and extension visits were positive and not statistically significant. Targeting management education could increase productivity in the commercial poultry industry. Educated managers have a higher propensity to adopt technology and alternative production mix for effectiveness and efficiency. This study concludes that higher educational level had a positive impact on productivity in the commercial poultry industry and should be harnessed for improved performance in the domestic and global market. 相似文献
998.
Michael Hannafin Kathleen Hannafin Bruce Gabbitas 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2009,57(6):767-785
During student-centered learning, the individual assumes responsibility for determining learning goals, monitoring progress
toward meeting goals, adjusting or adapting approaches as warranted, and determining when individual goals have been adequately
addressed. This can be particularly challenging while learning from the World-Wide Web, where billions of resources address
a variety of needs. The individual must identify which tools and resources are available and appropriate, how to assemble
them, and how to manage and support their unique learning goals. We analyze the applicability of cognitive principles to learning
from Web-based multimedia, review and critically analyze issues related to cognition and student-centered learning from Web-based
multimedia, and describe implications for design research and practice. 相似文献
999.
This study investigated the phonological processing skills of 29 children with prelingual, profound hearing loss with 4 years of cochlear implant experience. Results were group matched with regard to word-reading ability and mother's educational level with the performance of 29 hearing children. Results revealed that it is possible to obtain a valid measure of phonological processing (PP) skills in children using CIs. They could complete rhyming tasks and were able to complete sound-based tasks using standard test materials provided by a commercial test distributor. The CI children completed tasks measuring PP, but there were performance differences between the CI users and the hearing children. The process of learning phonological awareness (PA) for the children with CIs was characterized by a longer, more protracted learning phase than their counterparts with hearing. Tests of phonological memory skills indicated that when the tasks were controlled for presentation method and response modality, there were no differences between the performance of children with CIs and their counterparts with hearing. Tests of rapid naming revealed that there were no differences between rapid letter and number naming between the two groups. Results yielded a possible PP test battery for children with CI experience. 相似文献
1000.
Bruce C. Aaron 《Performance Improvement》2009,48(4):35-45
This case study describes an evaluation of business impact and return on investment (ROI) for the Knowledge Exchange, a knowledge management (KM) system within Accenture. The evaluation used a continuous measurement design to allow impact and ROI to be tracked across time and groups. The results demonstrated a significant positive impact on productivity, based largely on the effect on time savings realized by leveraging a useful KM system across a large population of employees. 相似文献