Advertising

Richard W. Pollay, ed. Information Sources in Advertising History (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1979---$22.50)

James H. Leigh and Claude R. Martin Jr., eds. Current Issues and Research in Advertising 1979 (Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.---$5.00, paper)

Charles H. Patti's Advertising Management: Cases and Concepts (Columbus, Ohio: Grid, 1978---$14.95)     

The French model of the educator state

The emergence in the nineteenth century of a centralized school system controlled by the state was one response to the need to stabilize government and legitimate a state model during a period of repeated revolutions in France. This is why French education has traditionally occupied a specific place in the political sphere: it has been at the heart of a political project of realizing national integration through the construction of a symbolic public space. There are signs today that this ambitious political construction may be coming apart.     

In brief

GROWING UP IN AMERICA by Fred M. and Grace Hechinger. New York: McGraw‐Hill, 1975. 451 pp. $15.00.

FAREWELL TO ALEXANDRIA: SOLUTIONS TO SPACE, GROWTH, AND PERFORMANCE PROBLEMS OF LIBRARIES edited by Daniel Gore. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1976. 184 pp. $12.50.

POLICYMAKING IN AMERICAN EDUCATION: A FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYSIS by John Thomas Thompson. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice‐Hall, Inc., 1976. 278 pp. $10.95.

THE ORDINARY AND THE FABULOUS by Elizabeth Cook. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976. xx + 182 pp. $15.95.

EDUCATING A PROFESSION by Robert B. Howsam, Dean C. Corrigan, George W. Denemark, and Robert J. Nash. Washington, D.C.: American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, 1976. 117 pp.

ON WRITING WELL by William Zinsser. New York: Harper&; Row, 1976. 151 pp. $5.20.

PRIORITIES FOR POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION IN THE SOUTH. Atlanta, Georgia: Southern Regional Education Board, 1976. v + 36 pp. $2.00.

THE UNIVERSITY: THE ANATOMY OF ACADEME by Murray G. Ross. New York: McGraw‐Hill, 1976. xii + 310 pp. $11.95.     

Resistances et initiatives a Madagascar

Sans résumé     

Foundational aspects of classroom relations: associations between teachers’ immediacy behaviours,classroom democracy,class identification and learning

This study focused on foundational aspects of classroom relations. Specifically, relationships between teachers’ immediacy (interpersonal) behaviours, classroom democracy, identification and learning were considered. Previous work suggests that these variables can be used as a foundation to shape classroom climate, culture and learning outcomes and, by extension, assist educational institutions to achieve their civic mission. This study examined classroom democracy and class identification as variables that mediate the relationship between immediacy behaviours and learning using data collected from 529 students in six institutions of higher learning in Rwanda. Structural equation modeling revealed that classroom democracy mediates the relationship between immediacy behaviours and that classroom democracy and class identification covary substantially. The significant relationships in the final structural model suggest that immediate teachers are likely to have a positive influence on perceptions of classroom democracy, class identification and learning. Based on the growing scholarship of instructional dissent, this study highlights the foundational and strategic aspects underlying these relationships within the context of relating in the classroom and beyond.     

Semi-analytical Monte Carlo simulation of laser-induced fluorescence propagation in an optically participating spray

A semi-analytical Monte Carlo (SMC) simulation was developed to simulate the propagation of laser-induced fluo- rescence (LIF) in an optically participating spray, which simultaneously exhibits spectrally dependent emission, anisotropic scattering, absorption, and re-emission. The SMC simulation is described and then applied to an experimental configuration of a cloud of polydisperse droplets composed of water and sulforhodamine B dye. In the SMC simulation, the collected LIF flux on the remote receptor element is calculated as the global contribution from the emissive source, single, twice, … and nth collision events in any sequence. The effects on the fluorescence photons propagation of spray parameters like the dye concentration, droplets concentration, and droplets size are examined. Three spectral bands representing different optical properties are chosen to analyze the interference of absorption, scattering and re-emission on the detected LIF flux. The obtained spectral LIF flux distribution on the receptor demonstrates a “red shift” phenomenon.     

Towards strategic practices in basic research

Drawing upon the literature of business management, the authors develop an approach to the problems of managing the large research laboratories which have now become more common but which have to exist in the changed climate of the 1980s. The types of managerial problems which arise are classified, the politics of their management analysed and the form in which these problems manifest themselves is discussed. It is concluded that those who have charge of large laboratories must be determined to implement what the authors describe as strategic practice if the laboratories are to function efficiently.     

Chapron,Françoise. 1999. Les CDI (Centres de documentation et d'information) des lycées et collèges. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France,Collection L'éducateur.

International Review of Education -     

Pourquoi entrer a l'Universite? L'Exemple d'une universite de lettres et sciences humaines

The large number of secondary school graduates entering higher education is transforming the nature of universities, particularly in literature and the humanities, by changing the relative numbers of students enrolled in different academic years. At the same time this influx is accompanied by a significant failure rate in the first academic year, calling into question the efficacy of the university system. A national issue with local repercussions, the struggle against failure in the first year is leading to much heart-searching among the universities, whose staff are trying hard to understand why certain students abandon their studies. The enquiry described in this article reveals the co-existence of two student populations: those who enter university as an active choice and those who do so by default. In the case of the first group, entry to university represents an investment for the future which must be carefully managed. In the second case it is a matter of going into higher education as a faute de mieux solution in an economic context in which work is scarce.