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991.
Daniel McNeish 《Journal of Experimental Education》2018,86(2):308-324
Some IRT models can be equivalently modeled in alternative frameworks such as logistic regression. Logistic regression can also model time-to-event data, which concerns the probability of an event occurring over time. Using the relation between time-to-event models and logistic regression and the relation between logistic regression and IRT, this article outlines how the nonparametric Kaplan-Meier estimator for time-to-event data can be applied to IRT data. Established Kaplan-Meier computational formulas are shown to aid in better approximating “parametric-type” item difficulty compared to methods from existing nonparametric methods, particularly for the less-well-defined scenario wherein the response function is monotonic but invariant item ordering is unreasonable. Limitations and the potential for Kaplan-Meier within differential item functioning are also discussed. 相似文献
992.
Learning a language through distance means is becoming increasingly widespread. The investigation reported in this paper was part of a large study (n = 590) carried out in 2011, which examined the experience of English-speaking students learning French pronunciation in a distance setting. This paper explores the hypothesis that there is a link between foreign language anxiety (FLA) and phonological attainment when learning in a distance setting. Quantitative methods included a questionnaire which explored FLA and learning pronunciation of English-speaking students learning French in a distance setting (n = 590). Pronunciation competence and FLA were measured using two instruments: an adapted version of the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale, which was part of the questionnaire, and a phonological attainment rating table, assessed through a reading activity. A significant correlation was found between good pronunciation skills and low levels of FLA. 相似文献
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995.
Daniel L. Dinsmore 《教育心理学》2017,37(9):1125-1153
While research on metacognition, self-regulation and self-regulated learning is quite mature, these studies have been carried out with varying methodologies and with mixed results. This paper explores the ontological and epistemological assumptions of theories, models and methods used to investigate these three constructs to examine the underlying assumptions of all three. Using oft-cited theories and models of the three constructs along with highly cited studies identified in a previous review of these constructs, this paper examined facets of two popular frameworks: Cartesian-split-mechanistic tradition (CSMT) and the relational tradition specifically looking at the role of intra-individual development, the inclusiveness of categories and notions of causality in these theories, models and methods. While the theories and methods contained elements of both traditions, methods to investigate these constructs relied almost exclusively on assumptions from CSMT. Future directions for research include incorporating more studies examining intra-individual change and multiple notions of causality. Future directions for practice include better contextualisation of research results to strengthen the link between theory and practice. 相似文献
996.
Daniel Gaonac’h Jean-Michel Passerault 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1990,5(1):59-68
An expository text is presented, in which two types of importance signals are manipulated: a linguistic signal (a sentence calling attention on the following target-sentence’s contents); a paralinguistic signal (underlining a part of the target-sentence). Reading times (RT) allocated to the various text sentences were measured. The underline affects not only RT for the target-sentence itself (increased in case of underline), but also RT for the preceding linguistic signal (shortened when the targetsentence is underlined), and RT for the following sentence (shortened when the two types of signals are simultaneously present). The interpretation of these results is grounded on the importance signals’ function in activating some high level representations (here bounded to a specific rhetorical structure: analogy), the effects of which can be delayed on the following sentence’s integration. The necessity is argued to take over the connection between relevant representations, marks likely to activate these representations, and devices likely to call reader’s attention on these marks. 相似文献
997.
J. Michael Spector Daniel J. Muraida Mary R. Marlino 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1992,40(2):45-54
Many researchers are attempting to develop automated instructional design systems to guide subject matter experts through
the courseware authoring process, a process that usually includes analysis, design, production, implementation, and maintenance.
What is lacking in many existing efforts, however, is a systematic method for analyzing the interplay between user characteristics,
the authoring environment, and the resulting quality of computer-based instruction (CBI). In this article, a cognitively oriented
method for developing a useful and predictive model of the process of designing CBI is proposed, and its use in three small-scale
case studies in Air Force training settings is reported. 相似文献
998.
Knowledge management support for teachers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
John M. Carroll Chun Wei Choo Daniel R. Dunlap Philip L. Isenhour Stephen T. Kerr Allan MacLean Mary Beth Rosson 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2003,51(4):42-64
Business organizations worldwide are implementing techniques and technologies to better manage their knowledge. Their objective
is to improve the quality of the contributions people make to their organizations by helping them to make sense of the context
within which the organization exists; to take responsibility, cooperate, and share what they know and learn; and to effectively
challenge, negotiate, and learn from others. We consider how the concepts, tools, and techniques of organizational knowledge
management can be applied to the professional practices and development of teachers. We describe a framework for knowledge
management support for teachers where the sharing of concrete knowledge scaffolds the attainment of more abstract levels of
knowledge sharing. We describe the development of a knowledge management support system emphasizing long-term participatory
design relationships between technologists and teachers, regional cooperation among teachers in adjacent school divisions,
the integration of communication and practice, synchronous and asynchronous interactions, and multiple metaphors for organizing
knowledge resources and activities.
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, REC-0106552. 相似文献
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1000.
Jessica Navarrete Angélica Vásquez Efraín Montero Daniel Cantero 《British Journal of Religious Education》2020,42(1):90-102
ABSTRACTThe object of this article is to reveal the teaching strategies used by teachers for religious education in Temuco, Chile. The paradigm used was qualitative and the design was a single interpretative case study. The data were collected by semi-structured interviews with pupils and religious education (RE) teachers. The results show convergences of successful strategies, such as the use of conversations to form opinions related with the pupils’ everyday interests. We conclude that significant learning for catholic religious education in schools (CRES) includes teaching strategies associated with individual and collective reflections and conversations on topical social issues. Thus, religious education may enable us to advance towards a pluralist approach to the teaching of religion. 相似文献