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991.
Fransen K Vanbeselaere N Exadaktylos V Vande Broek G De Cuyper B Berckmans D Ceux T De Backer M Boen F 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(7):641-649
Collective efficacy can be defined as a group's shared confidence that they will successfully achieve their goal. We examined which behaviours and events are perceived as sources of collective efficacy beliefs in a volleyball context. In study 1, volleyball coaches from the highest volleyball leagues (n = 33) in Belgium indicated the most important sources of collective efficacy. This list was then adapted based on the literature and on feedback given by an expert focus group, resulting in a 40-item questionnaire. In Study 2, coaches and players from all levels of volleyball in Belgium (n = 2365) rated each of these sources on their predictive value for collective efficacy. A principal component analysis revealed that the 40 sources could be divided into eight internally consistent factors. Positive supportive communication (e.g., enthusiasm after making a point) was identified as the factor most predictive for positive collective efficacy beliefs. The factor referring to the negative emotional reactions of players (e.g., discouraging body language) was the most predictive for negative collective efficacy beliefs. These findings offer a starting point for the design of continuous measurements of collective efficacy through observation. 相似文献
992.
Validity and reliability of tests determining performance-related components of wheelchair basketball 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of wheelchair basketball field tests. Nineteen wheelchair basketball players performed 10 test items twice to determine the reliability. The validity of the tests was assessed by relating the scores to the players' classification and competition standard, and rating of coach and player. Six field tests' test-retest showed good reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.80-0.97), while the pass-for-accuracy, free throws, lay-up and spot shot showed weak to moderate reliability (ICC = 0.26-0.67). Most tests showed moderate to good validity (r > 0.60). The results suggest that wheelchair basketball field tests are reliable and valid with the exception of the shooting and passing items, which should be interpreted carefully. 相似文献
993.
Linda A. Reddy Courtney Anne De Thomas Erik Newman Victoria Chun 《Psychology in the schools》2009,46(2):132-153
School practitioners and educators are frequently challenged by the diverse and pervasive academic, social, and behavioral needs of children at risk for and with emotional disturbance. The present article examines the outcome literature on school‐based prevention and intervention programs by systematically reviewing the key treatment interventions and methodology used. A total of 29 investigations including 1,405 children and adolescents were reviewed and coded on 41 variables across three dimensions (i.e., sample characteristics, treatment components, and methodology). Single subject and group design studies were included. Behavioral and/or cognitive behavioral treatment approaches were primary used. Deficit‐based assessment and treatment approaches (i.e., problem behaviors) were predominately used in the outcome literature with few investigations incorporating strength‐based outcome approaches. Findings are discussed in relation to previous research. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
994.
An De Meester Jolien Maes David Stodden Greet Cardon Jacqueline Goodway Matthieu Lenoir 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(21):2027-2037
The present study identified adolescents’ motor competence (MC)-based profiles (e.g., high actual and low perceived MC), and accordingly investigated differences in motivation for physical education (PE), physical activity (PA) levels, and sports participation between profiles by using regression analyses. Actual MC was measured with the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder. Adolescents (n = 215; 66.0% boys; mean age = 13.64 ± .58 years) completed validated questionnaires to assess perceived MC, motivation for PE, PA-levels, and sports participation. Actual and perceived MC were only moderately correlated and cluster analyses identified four groups. Two groups of overestimators (low – overestimation, average – overestimation) were identified (51%), who particularly displayed better motivation for PE when compared to their peers who accurately estimated themselves (low – accurate, average – accurate). Moreover, adolescents with low actual MC, but high perceived MC were significantly more active than adolescents with low actual MC who accurately estimated themselves. Results pointed in the same direction for organised sports participation. Underestimators were not found in the current sample, which is positive as underestimation might negatively influence adolescents’ motivation to achieve and persist in PA and sports. In conclusion, results emphasise that developing perceived MC, especially among adolescents with low levels of actual MC, seems crucial to stimulate motivation for PE, and engagement in PA and sports. 相似文献
995.
Fabiana Andrade Machado Fábio Yuzo Nakamura Solange Marta Franzói De Moraes 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(12):1267-1274
Abstract This study examined the influence of the regression model and initial intensity of an incremental test on the relationship between the lactate threshold estimated by the maximal-deviation method and the endurance performance. Sixteen non-competitive, recreational female runners performed a discontinuous incremental treadmill test. The initial speed was set at 7 km · h?1, and increased every 3 min by 1 km · h?1 with a 30-s rest between the stages used for earlobe capillary blood sample collection. Lactate-speed data were fitted by an exponential-plus-constant and a third-order polynomial equation. The lactate threshold was determined for both regression equations, using all the coordinates, excluding the first and excluding the first and second initial points. Mean speed of a 10-km road race was the performance index (3.04 ± 0.22 m · s?1). The exponentially-derived lactate threshold had a higher correlation (0.98 ≤ r ≤ 0.99) and smaller standard error of estimate (SEE) (0.04 ≤ SEE ≤ 0.05 m · s?1) with performance than the polynomially-derived equivalent (0.83 ≤ r ≤ 0.89; 0.10 ≤ SEE ≤ 0.13 m · s?1). The exponential lactate threshold was greater than the polynomial equivalent (P < 0.05). The results suggest that the exponential lactate threshold is a valid performance index that is independent of the initial intensity of the incremental test and better than the polynomial equivalent. 相似文献
996.
In recent years, educators in the USA have emphasized disciplinary literacy as an essential path forward in cultivating adolescents’ understanding of subject matter in tandem with literacy practices. Yet, this agenda poses challenges to teachers who have been tasked with its implementation. Here, we examine two expert US history teachers’ efforts to implement curriculum that integrates reading, writing and thinking in history with academically diverse eighth graders. We conduct qualitative analyses of teacher observations and interviews as well as student work. This analysis provides insight into several issues that emerge in efforts to teach disciplinary literacy in history classrooms: the nuances of teachers’ use of curriculum materials created by people other than themselves, teachers’ appropriation and adaptation of curriculum materials and teachers’ understanding of curriculum materials and disciplinary literacy goals. We find that teachers’ knowledge of the discipline and attention to students’ ideas allowed them to skillfully adapt the curriculum to better meet students’ needs and push students’ thinking. Orienting teachers toward disciplinary learning, ensuring a foundational understanding of their discipline and providing teachers with tools to teach disciplinary literacy are important steps to help students meet the demands of the disciplinary literacy agenda. 相似文献
997.
In the Netherlands, institutions of higher education are increasingly operating in a multicultural environment. Several activities have been initiated in order to serve ethnic minority students. It appears that multiculturalism is not limited to students, but encompasses different levels of the institution: students, academic and support staff, curricula, and overall institutional organization and management. This article presents an overview of these activities. An account is given of the approaches employed and the experience gained so far. Also, the role of the National Expert Centre for Ethnic Minorities in Higher Education #opECHO#cp, founded in 1995, will be discussed. Its objective is to enhance the access of ethnic minority students, their study progress, and their transition to the labour market. 相似文献
998.
Noreen M. Webb Megan L. Franke Marsha Ing Angela Chan Tondra De Deanna Freund Dan Battey 《Contemporary educational psychology》2008
Prior research on collaborative learning identifies student behaviors that significantly predict student achievement, such as giving explanations of one’s thinking. Less often studied is the role of teachers’ instructional practices in collaboration among students. This article investigates the extent to which teachers engage in practices that support students’ explanations of their thinking, and how these teacher practices might be related to the nature of explanations that students give when asked by the teacher to collaborate with each other. The teachers observed here, all of whom received specific instruction in eliciting the details of student thinking, varied significantly in the extent to which they asked students to elaborate on their suggestions. This variation corresponded to variation across classrooms in the nature and extent of student explanations during collaborative conversations and to differences in student achievement. 相似文献
999.
网络消费者合同中的格式条款与管辖问题研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
刘德良 《河北师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2003,26(2):14-20
网络消费者合同多属格式合同,且多具有跨境性质。如何从保护消费者权益的角度对网络消费者合同中的格式条款和管辖问题进行规制,对于树立消费者对电子商务的信心,促进电子商务的发展具有重要意义。网络环境并没有改变消费者保护的社会经济基础,因此,对上述问题进行规制时应遵循使消费者在网络交易中得到与其他交易条件下同等、有效的保护的原则,根据这一原则,现行的有关消费者合同的格式条款与管辖的法律原则仍应适用于网络环境。 相似文献
1000.
基于DEMATEL的企业人力资源声誉影响因素研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
随着人力资源管理理论的不断发展和完善,人力资源声誉的研究也越来越受到学者的关注.国外学者从不同角度对人力资源声誉进行了研究,使人力资源声誉理论体系不断发展和完善.根据国外学者对人力资源声誉的研究,分析了企业人力资源声誉的影响因素,构建了企业人力资源声誉影响因素指标体系,运用DEMATEL方法对影响因素进行了定量分析,并探讨了企业人力资源声誉的关键影响因素. 相似文献