Was bedingt die Wahl eines nicht empfohlenen höheren Bildungsgangs?

According to PIRLS 17 % of German parents choose a non-recommended secondary school-type for their child. Only few empirical studies try to identify parental characteristics related to their rejection of a school-type recommendation from their child’s teacher. Based on the sociological rational choice theory, research primarily focuses on characteristics of social background and on cost-benefit considerations. In addition to this, the present study analyzes to what extent parental evaluation and attribution of the child’s achievement and the appraisal of the primary school’s advice influence the probability of parents’ rejection of the recommendation. The focus of this investigation is on parents whose educational aspirations and choices of school are higher than the teachers’ recommendations. By means of logistic regression we analyze, how well parental decision-making – i. e. adopting the teacher’s recommendation vs. insisting on own, non-compliant opinion – can be predicted by theory-based independent variables. Avoidance of a loss in educational status, parental knowledge of the school system and the perceived quality of a primary school’s advice are revealed to be significant predictors of this rejection.     

Neither Public Nor Private: The Hybridization of Museums

This paper takes a preliminary look at the hybridization of museums – the creation of a variety of mixed forms of governance incorporating both public and private governing authorities. Using data from three national surveys of American museums, the analysis documents the mix of types of governing authority and demonstrates how this mix varies across location, over time, and by museum type. The paper then estimates the extent of hybridization using several different indicators and speculates about its implications. The United States offers a particularly informative case because the general view is that American museums are (1) either public or private and (2) predominately private. While the second part of this view may still be a useful characterization of American museums, the first is no longer a particularly helpful way of understanding American museums, or, by extension, other cultural institutions, American or not. It is increasingly necessary to view cultural institutions through the lens of hybridization rather than privatization in order to improve our ability to document and predict their institutional behavior.     

General Mass Communications

Harold A. Innis' Empire and Communications (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1972---$12.50/2.75)

The Bias of Communication (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1964---$8.50/3.50)

John Gordon Burke (ed.) Print, Image and Sound: Essays on Media (Chicago: American Library Association, 1972---$6.95)

Mark Slade, Language of Change: Moving Triages of Man (Toronto: Holt, Rinehart & Winston of Canada Ltd, 1970 (available in this country.from Winston Press, 25 Groveland Terrace, Minneapolis 55403)---price not known, paper)     

Recruitment rhetoric in brochures advertising the all volunteer force

Solutions to Army personnel problems are of critical importance. Personnel issues continue to be problematic in a number of areas including: recruit intelligence level, careerist motivation of recruits, and the maintenance of trained, quality careerists in the all volunteer force (AVF). High attrition of skilled personnel is not related only to pay scale; pride in service, as well as intrinsic rewards may also relate to the retention and attraction of career‐motivated soldiers. This study analyzed the inducements offered and demands made of potential volunteers in brochures advertising the AVF. Most of the appeals in such brochures focused on instrumental rewards available to potential recruits, while few appeals featured traditional intrinsic satisfactions of military service as a motive for joining the AVF. The advertising strategy presently used in AVF brochures may explain in part why poor retention of skilled careerists continues to be one of its most severe problems. Recommendations for structuring future appeals are offered based on the findings.