中国教育人类学传统图景的构建与评论

中国教育人类学是中国人类学学科群中活动最频繁、发展最迅速的分支学科之一,但是长期以来它被看成是改革开放以来的产物,认为其学科史极其短暂,可以叙述但无须研究。陈学金的《中国教育人类学简史》挑战了上述传统观点,不仅开展了较为深入和系统的"中国教育人类学的历史研究",而且提出和论说了若从1905年王国维提出"教育的人类学"的术语和内涵算起,教育人类学在中国已有上百年学科史的新锐观点。从历史和现实相交织的视角出发清晰和准确地界定何谓教育人类学,是分析和论述教育人类学存在与发展的合法性的基本前提,因而在未来的教育人类学的发展进程中,这本学科史的先驱性著作是"绕不开的研究",必将占有重要的学术地位。     

战略地图在利兹大学战略管理中的应用

战略获得执行的前提是清晰地表达和成功地沟通,战略地图的提出正是提供了这样一种有效描述战略的动态可视化工具。本文以利兹大学的战略地图为本,依内部因果逻辑为线,分析其战略地图层级、因素间的内在联系和相互影响,探讨由其内在机理引导下的战略管理实施过程。     

西藏高校特色专业建设路径探析

提高人才培养的社会适应性是西藏高校进行特色专业建设的主要目标.基于高校特色专业建设的优势与劣势因素分析,提出西藏高校特色专业建设所需秉持的适应性、创新性、协调性和示范性原则.同时,以特色专业建设为突破口,提出抓住机遇,优先发展具有相对实力的特色专业;深度挖掘,重点发展富有“西藏元素”的特色专业;优化结构,提高西藏特色专业的社会适应性等对策.     

Behavioral and emotional strength-based assessment of Finnish elementary students: psychometrics of the BERS-2

When rating scales are used in different countries, thorough investigation of the psychometric properties is needed. We examined the internal structure of the Finnish translated Behavioral and Emotional Rating Scale-2 (BERS-2) using Rasch and confirmatory factor analysis approaches with a sample of youth, parents, and teachers. The results suggested that the Finnish translated BERS-2 has acceptable measurement properties and is suitable for use in Finnish schools. Results highlighted the issue that there is a need to consider cross-cultural aspects when introducing new measures in another culture. Directions for future research are also discussed in light of present findings.     

Decreasing “obscene” language of behaviorally disordered children through the use of a DRL schedule

The purpose of the present study was to determine the value of DRL schedules in reducing the behavior of a group of behaviorally disordered children. During the DRL procedure, reinforcement was made available for inappropriate language that was less than a prescribed limit for each day. When the DRL limit was successively decreased across weeks, the behavior of the students systematically decreased. Data indicated that reinforcing low rates of behavior may be an effective alternative to the use of aversive contingencies to reduce the misbehavior of such children.     

科研团队中知识粘滞的影响因素研究

知识粘滞是阻碍知识转移的决定性因素,降低知识粘滞程度,提高知识转移绩效,是提升科研团队能力,实现合作创新的关键。本研究通过探索科研过程中知识粘滞形成的动因和作用因素,运用知识转移理论、系统动力学理论的分析方法,在情境建模基础上,构建基于知识转移的知识粘滞演化动力模型;动态模拟认知因素、转移情境以及转移动机三个维度对知识粘滞的影响关系,从宏观方面探索科研团队中隐性知识粘滞的演化路径,从微观方面剖析各因素对知识粘滞的影响机理。实验结果显示:知识粘滞程度受不同因素影响呈现不同的演化特征,随着双方认知吻合度的增长表现为先匀速增长后保持不变、最后呈指数增长的趋势;激励机制和外部压力等因素对知识粘滞的影响呈现阶段性特点,过大会引起团队内部“搭便车”现象,产生一定的致弱作用;转移动机与知识粘滞之间具有较强的负相关关系,知识吸收能力越强,知识的增长速度越快,受知识粘滞的影响就越小。研究科研团队中各影响因素对知识粘滞的震荡作用,对指导科研团队建设和提高科研能力具有重要的现实意义。图6。表1。参考文献32。     

Health sciences libraries in the United States: new directions

This article is the third in a series in this regular feature. The intention of the series is to look at important global developments in health science libraries. These articles will serve as a road map, describing the key changes in the field and exploring factors driving these changes. The present article by the current president of the Medical Library Association outlines two important developments in the United States. The topics chosen for consideration are national initiatives in the United States impacting health sciences libraries and librarians and enhanced roles for U.S. health sciences librarians in providing support for research. J.M.     

论溢价机制与消费者福利

均衡价格一质量模型为建立信誉企业的溢价机制提供了基本的理论框架。但其赖以建立的信誉形成理论是以最简单的信誉调节模式为立论基础,在实际应用中尚有疏漏。本文以此为依据,补充了两种信誉调节的情形,并由此部分修正了受其影响的均衡p(q)模型,从理论上说明了信息技术改善及最低质量标准改变时的消费者福利状况。