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171.
This article focuses on educational enterprises outside the formal sector, such as museums, botanical gardens and interactive
science centres. International research is drawn on to illuminate how design, culture, educational strategies and settings
combine to affect the way in which young people respond to experiences on offer, leading to analysis of the impact of such
settings in promoting learning, and the likely implications for those who staff such venues. Aikenhead’s concept of the educator
as ‘culture broker’ is developed to suggest ways in which learning might be best supported. It envisages a shift from ‘delivery’
strategies targeted at large groups towards approaches which focus on what learners choose to know about using dialogue between
children and ‘known and trusted people’. Analysis of observed responses in various settings is undertaken from a sociocultural
perspective using the notion of communities of practice. Implications for the roles of education managers and their staff
in further research are developed. 相似文献
172.
Dr. Johannes Bauer Dr. Uta Diercks Prof. Dr. Jan Retelsdorf Dr. Tabea Kauper Dr. Friederike Zimmermann Prof. Dr. Olaf K?ller Dr. Jens M?ller Prof. Dr. Manfred Prenzel 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2011,14(4):629-649
The Bologna Process of higher education reform has led to a vast array of different programs of study in German teacher training. In this article, we firstly analyze the implementation of Bachelor programs in teacher training, comparing profession-oriented programs (i.e. those aiming to train students for the teaching profession from the beginning of studies) to polyvalent programs (i.e. those aiming at broad qualifications and including a late decision to become a teacher). Secondly, we investigate whether students enrolled in these study programs differ systematically in their subjective certainty about their career choice. To answer these questions, we analyze portfolios of documents related to teacher training programs from nine German universities that prepare students for teaching in the academic track. Additionally, we analyze data from N?=?2585 Bachelor and N?=?928 Master degree students. We found that most programs, even when they espouse polyvalence, require an early decision to become a teacher. Moreover, our data confirm findings from earlier studies indicating that student teachers are highly certain about their career choice from the very beginning, with students in polyvalent programs being slightly less certain than those in profession-oriented programs (d?=?0.32). 相似文献
173.
Preschool children (3–4 years old) were trained to perform two actions to gain different outcomes, in the form of video clips
from different cartoons, before one of these outcomes was devalued by noncontingent exposure. The effect of outcome devaluation
was subsequently assessed in an extinction test by giving children the opportunity to perform both actions in the absence
of any outcomes. When the two actions were trained concurrently, performance during the test was modulated by outcome value
and children showed a preference for the action trained with the currently valued outcome. By contrast, when each action was
trained separately on different trials, test performance was insensitive to outcome devaluation. These effects of the training
schedules are interpreted in terms of dual-process theories of action control. 相似文献
174.
Kevin H. Ashford-Rowe Marnie Holt 《美中教育评论》2011,(3):317-322
The "emerging educational institutional decision-making matrix" is developed to allow educational institutions to adopt a rigorous and consistent methodology of determining which of the myriad of emerging educational technologies will be the most compelling for the institution, particularly ensuring that it is the educational or pedagogical but not the technological imperative that drives the technology integration agenda. The matrix is designed to be used after some initial research into an emerging technology. Once a technology is put through the matrix, a member of options are available: (1) shelving the technology; (2) putting the technology on hold and maintaining a watching brief until the technology matures in the market; and (3) researching the product further by conducting a trial or placing in testing sandpit. After further research, the technology can be tested as a pilot to determine how well or otherwise, the technology works within the institution. If an emerging technology has more than one product associated with it, a second and third step in the matrix has been developed, and the second step assigns a rating to each of the categories within the matrix. With many products containing similar features, a third step has been developed to compare products on a feature level. 相似文献
175.
G?khan ?zsoy 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2011,12(2):227-235
The aim of this study is to determine fifth-grade students’ metacognitive knowledge and skills and its relationship with mathematics
achievements. A total of 242 primary school students from six different schools were participated in the study. Turkish version
of Metacognitive Knowledge and Skills Assessment (MSA-TR) was used to measure metacognitive knowledge and skills. The results
demonstrated a significant and positive relationship (r = .648, p < .01) between metacognition and mathematics achievement. Furthermore, research results showed that 42% of total variance
of mathematics achievement could be explained with metacognitive knowledge and skills. 相似文献
176.
177.
178.
Formal models for service composition have been proposed with the variation of the requirements of service developers. Some
famous models have provided checking and verification techniques and tools for the behavior of service composition. These
models generally focus much on the message flow of web services and neglecting the data contained in the exchanged messages
among services, which restrict the application range of these models and also the web service techniques. As new kind of services
with different protocols and communication methods have appeared, it is needed to model service composition from a new view
which is adapted to the new development in service area. In this paper we offer a function oriented model of service composition
which treats the composite service as a software system and specify the function of services which can be directly used to
the realization by service providers. 相似文献
179.
The author articulates key stressors in the lives of families who are homeless. These stresses often combine with barriers such as lack of job opportunities and/or insensitive professionals. Strategies for helping homeless families overcome these barriers and related issues are presented. 相似文献
180.