Access to health information through partnerships:problems and benefits

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African Index Medicus—a cooperative undertaking

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Medio lingüístico maternal y retraso mental

RESUMEN

El lenguaje que las madres utilizan con sus hijos es más lento, pausado, simplificado y redundante que el lenguaje adulto. La complejidad del lenguaje materno va aumentando con la edad del niño; estas modificaciones favorecen el desarrollo de las capacidades lingúísticas. El artículo plantea si el entorno lingúístico maternal de niños con retraso mental presenta las mismas características adaptativas. En un principio varios estudios concluyen que el entorno lingúístico maternal de los deficientes está empobrecido, pero investigaciones posteriores revelan que está normalmente adaptado al desarrollo del lenguaje en estos niños. No obstante se sugiere la necesidad de optimizar la eficacia de las interacciones padres-hijos a través de programas de entrenamiento. Estos programas dirigidos a madres de deficientes mentales han sido de gran eficacia en la aceleración del desarrollo del lenguaje.     

Black–White Achievement Gap and Family Wealth

This article examines the extent to which family wealth affects the Black–White test score gap for young children based on data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (aged 3–12). This study found little evidence that wealth mediated the Black–White test scores gaps, which were eliminated when child and family demographic covariates were held constant. However, family wealth had a stronger association with cognitive achievement of school-aged children than that of preschoolers and a stronger association with school-aged children's math than on their reading scores. Liquid assets, particularly holdings in stocks or mutual funds, were positively associated with school-aged children's test scores. Family wealth was associated with a higher quality home environment, better parenting behavior, and children's private school attendance.     

Un programme raisonne de formation syndicale

Sans résumé     

Turning the library upside down: Reorganization using total quality management principles

Professional staff at Samford University's Davis Library began to plan for vast organizational changes in the summer of 1990. This article describes their application of TQM principles to preparing for and implementing a restructuring of the Library and discusses the results of this reorganization.