桑干河断陷构造特征及含油气远景

桑干河断陷位于汾渭地堑北部,大同煤盆地的东侧.做为一个新生代伸展盆地,人们对其进行的油气勘探不多,且前期油气显示不佳.但是随时间的变迁,油气成生理论有了较大的发展,因此有必要结合现代油气成生理论对桑干河断陷的含油气性重新做出分析与评估.本文应用现代构造学理论、结合地震勘探及区域地质资料,对桑干河断陷进行了较精细的构造解析,分析认为桑干河断陷具有完备的圈闭及烃源岩,有良好的含油气性及勘探的潜能.     

Three Standards of Athletic Superiority

The aim of this paper is to deepen our understanding of the inherent purpose of sports competitions. In ‘On Winning and Athletic Superiority’, Nicholas Dixon states that the central comparative purpose of an athletic contest is to determine which team or player is superior, or, synonymously, to provide an accurate measure of athletic superiority. Dixon identifies athletic skill as the standard of athletic superiority in competitive sport. However, I argue there are three separate standards of athletic superiority: the demonstration of athletic skill, the achievement of prelusory goal using lusory means, and achievement of superior formal result. This stance responds to Dixon’s argument that failed athletic contests are contests that have not fulfilled the central purpose of competitive sport, because they have been undermined by refereeing errors, cheating, gamesmanship or bad luck. I argue that a failed athletic contest occurs when any of the three standards of athletic superiority conflict.     

The continuous nature of timing reprogramming in an interceptive task

The time course of movement timing reprogramming was examined in a task requiring temporal coincidence of the conclusion of a forehand drive with the arrival of a moving luminous target at the end of an electronic trackway. The moving target departed from one end of the trackway at a constant velocity of 2?m ^. s^?1, and for a part of the trials its velocity was increased to 3?m ^. s^?1. Target velocity was modified at different moments during stimulus displacement, producing times-to-arrival after velocity increment (TAVIs) from 100 to 600?ms. The effect of specific practice on movement reprogramming was also examined. The results showed early adjustments to the action (TAVIs = 100?–?200?ms) that seemed to be stereotyped, while feedback-based corrections were implemented only at TAVIs of 300?ms or longer. Temporal accuracy was progressively increased as longer TAVIs were provided up to 600?ms. Skill training led to an overall increment of temporal accuracy, but no effect of specific practice was found. The results indicate that timing reprogramming in interceptive actions is a continuous process limited mainly by intrinsic factors: latency to initiate more effective adjustments to the action, and rate-of-movement timing reprogramming.     

Activity profile of top-class association football referees in relation to performance in selected physical tests

Abstract

The aims of the present study were (1) to analyse the physical demands of top-class referees and (2) to compare their official FIFA fitness test results with physical performance during a match. The work rate profiles of 11 international referees were assessed during 12 competitive matches at the 2003 FIFA Under-17 World Cup and then analysed using a bi-dimensional photogrammetric video analysis system based on direct lineal transformation (DLT) algorithms. In the first 15 min of matches, the referees were more active, performing more high-intensity exercise (P < 0.01) than in the first 15 min of the second half. During the second half of matches, the referees covered a shorter distance (P < 0.01), spent more time standing still (P < 0.05), and covered less ground cruising (P < 0.05), sprinting (P < 0.05), and moving backwards (P < 0.001) than in the first half. Also in the second 45 min, the distance of referees from infringements increased (P < 0.05) in the left attacking zone of the filed. There was also a decrease (P < 0.05) in performance in the period following the most high-intensity activity, compared with the mean for the 90 min. Time spent performing high-intensity activities during a match was not related to performance in the 12-min run (r ² = 0.30; P < 0.05), the 200-m sprint (r ² = 0.05; P < 0.05), or the 50-m sprint (r ² = 0.001; P < 0.05). The results of this study show that: (1) top-class referees experienced fatigue at different stages of the match, and (2) the typical field tests used by FIFA (two 50-m and 200-m sprints, followed by a 12-min run) are not correlated with match activities.     

微生物燃料电池及其在能源领域的应用

在能源短缺和环境污染的双重压力下,微生物燃料电池以其独特的高效、清洁、适应性强的优点而得到人们青睐,并成为当前能源领域的研究热点。本文系统论述了微生物燃料电池的结构和工作原理,综述了其在产电、制氢和产甲烷等方面的应用现状,分析了存在的主要问题,展望了未来的研发工作。     

Linking human,technological, and relational assets to technological innovation: exploring a new approach

In a knowledge-based economy, firms' technological innovations represent one of the best ways in order to survive and to achieve firm success. Nonaka and Takeuchi stated that technological innovation is close to firms' intellectual or knowledge asset management, and additional efforts are needed to understand these complex causal relationships. If we can assume that technological innovation causation rarely has a single cause, and that these causes rarely operate in isolation from each other, empirical research needs a new configurational perspective, where the integrity of firms' technological innovations as complex configurations of causal factors are preserved. This way, using a configurational approach, and primary data of 251 technology-based firms based in Spain, this paper explores firms' human, technological, and relational assets configurations and product innovations.

     

加工时间可变的总完工时间排序两人合作博弈问题

研究工件加工时间与开始加工时间有关的情况下,两人合作共同加工一批工件的纳什博弈问题．每人有一台机器用于工件加工,以最小的总完工时间作为加工成本,通过确定这批工件的一个合理划分,使参与合作加工的两人都能得到满意的合作收益．     

《国史大纲》考辨三则

钱穆先生的《国史大纲》以纲目为体,行文精练.就其中所涉及的三个问题进行发散思维与考辨,对“伯禽”之名的形成与其封国之关系、“海鸥鸟”之称是指石虎还是佛图澄以及单襄公“所言之旨”做进一步的探究.     

武术“文化空间”释义及其表现特征

＂文化空间＂既是非物质文化遗产的重要表现形式,又是各种文化活动所演变、寄存和展示的特定场所或某一段时间。＂文化空间＂对某种文化的形成和进化起到决定或可能决定作用。运用文化人类学原理分析可知,武术＂文化空间＂兼具地理和文化两层面意义,具有地域性、活态性、传承性、整体性和场域性的特征。