Pedagogies of critical race theory: Experimentations with white preservice teachers

We have taken to heart the call of critical race theorists and critical Whiteness scholars to open up a White discourse on White racism. As White, female, teacher educators, we endeavored to openly address Whiteness and White racism with our White students to help them become more aware of the advantages and biases inherent in their positionality as White teachers. As we did this, we were critically aware of both the negative and positive possible outcomes of our endeavors. Throughout our work with our students and our subsequent reflections on the results, we were able to establish ways of speaking about Whiteness that moved our students, and ourselves, to a more critical, more empowered understanding of race and Whiteness.     

Meeting the needs of children with specific speech and language difficulties

Clinical and diagnostic approaches to special educational needs do not translate easily into educational models. In some cases, these approaches can serve to limit understanding of children's wider needs. Children with specific speech and language difficulties (SSLD) are a case in point. Clear criteria exist for identification, but identification mechanisms may not relate to the child's wider educational needs. This paper addresses the ways that children with SSLD present in mainstream educational settings. The study aimed to identify all Year 3 children with SSLD in two English local education authorities. One hundred and thirty-three children (95 boys and 37 girls were identified). Sixty-five per cent of the children were in mainstream schools, 14.3 per cent in mainstream schools with designated units and the remainder in special schools. Half were at stage 5 of the Code of Practice, with most of the remaining participants at stage 3. Children experienced a wide range of difficulties, in addition to their primary speech and language problems. Patterns of difficulties varied across children, and associations existed between particular forms of language problems and learning and relationship problems. Professionals (teachers, educational psychologists and speech and language therapists) varied in their understanding of the children's needs. The data highlight the range and diversity of the needs of children with specific speech and language difficulties and the need for a multi-professional approach to these children. It is argued that ‘best practice’ for these children must consider the impact of speech and language problems on children's access to the curriculum and their social and behavioural needs. Narrow diagnostic models do not provide the appropriate information to inform educational practice and support inclusive policies.     

医学论文中应注明资料选取的时间及地点

医学论文与其他学科论文的不同之处是,医学论文的作者对从病人或实验动物身上获取的一些数据进行分析、研究,从而得出一些对人类疾病有新认识的结论.这种研究通常单靠作者本人是完不成的,而是利用医院的条件,要由多人去完成.一些医学研究在未完成时内容是保密的,其结果是否公之于众及公之于众的内容应该由法人单位决定;所以,投稿时必须附有材料选取单位同意作者投稿的介绍信.这也符合著作权法第16条的规定"公民为完成法人或者其他组织工作任务所创作的作品是职务作品",职务作品作者"只享有署名权,著作权的其他权利由法人或者其他组织享有"[1],所以,没有材料选取单位同意作者投稿的介绍信,编辑部应不予接受.然而近年来在介绍信问题上弄虚作假的事件时有发生,严重者甚至导致法律纠纷.     

标签在数字学术资源内容揭示中的作用研究

标签是Web2．0时代一种新的资源描述方式。本文探讨了标签在揭示数字学术资源内容方面的能力,通过与关键词的比较以及对标签与被标注对象内容之间关系的挖掘,分析了它是否能够揭示所描述的资源中蕴含的知识／内容,进一步分析了它是否揭示了传统的资源描述方法所无法揭示的内容。研究结果表明:尽管目前标签的形式还比较简单,但它在揭示资源内容方面具有很大的作用。     

历史铁则的必然结果——论苏联解体、苏共垮台的两大根本性原因

世界经济全球化是人类社会发展的客观规律,对于第一个社会主义国家苏联来说是特大的挑战,但是苏联和苏共没有把自己纳入全球化迎接机遇和挑战,结果导致生产力落后和经济停滞不前,苏共的腐败变质又使苏共严重地脱离了人民,这是二十世纪苏联解体、苏共垮台的两大根本原因。     

Can't get to the library? Then we’ll come to you. A survey of library services to people in their own homes in the United Kingdom

Abstract Aims: To determine the current level of library service to people in their own homes in the United Kingdom and to compare it with results from previous surveys. It is many years since a similar survey has been undertaken or guidelines produced and it is hoped that this work will help fill the gap. Methods: A questionnaire was sent in January 2004 to all public library authorities in the UK, a total of 208; 72% (149) were returned in the timescale allowed. The questionnaire covered the criteria for eligibility to receive a home library service; service structure and delivery: who delivers the service (specialist librarians or specialist non‐professional staff, branch library staff or volunteers); training; range of material and services provided; reading aids; materials for reminiscence; information provision; transporting people to the library; services to people in residential homes, sheltered accommodation, nursing homes and day centres; reader development; lifelong learning; and publicity and promotion. The focus of the survey was on quality issues and good practice wherever possible. Results: The number of customers receiving a service to ‘housebound’ readers in the UK in 2001/2 was 123 407. In 1984 it was 43 807 people in England. This still bears little relation to the number of people who should be receiving the service. The majority used paid staff (88%). Volunteers supported 52% of the services, with most having links with staff. There were opportunities to improve and develop services under the Disability Discrimination Act 1995. The service was publicized and promoted by only 62% of the respondents. Of those that use paid staff and that answered this question, 73% provide disability equality training for staff. Only 21% provide disability equality training for volunteers. Only 36% are involved in reader development or lifelong learning and only 23% provide a newsletter in print, 11% on tape and 3% in Braille; 12% take laptops into people's homes. Conclusions: Many authorities were still providing a tokenistic service and were reluctant to publicize for fear of not coping with demand, which makes them vulnerable legally under the DDA. However, there were some excellent examples of good practice where the full range of services are provided to a high standard.     

"三个代表"的跨文化思考

先进思想化是全人类的共同财富。“三个代表”论是跨越时空等界限的科学结晶,是中国特色的先进思想化,既是民族的,又是国际的;“三个代表”论揭示了人类发展的普遍规律,其跨化影响是广泛而深远的。随着经济全球化进程的加速,先进思想化的跨化趋势更为明显。“三个代表”是对马克思主义的宝贵贡献,也是对人类明的杰出贡献。     

对三类体育教学模式教学效果的实验与研究

为了探讨三类体育教学模式的基本特点、功能及应用范围,为教师科学全面选用教学模式提供借鉴.采用对比实验法和问卷调查法对三类体育教学模式进行了研究.研究认为:讲解-示范-练习模式(讲解-练习-示范模式)适用于动作难度较大的新教材和体育能力较差的学生;示范-讲解-练习模式(示范-练习-讲解模式)适用于直观性较强的教材和有一定体育能力的学生;练习-讲解-示范模式(练习-示范-讲解模式)适用于动作前后联系密切的教材和自学钻研能力较强的学生.