论清代的“存留养亲”制度

纵观中国皇权专制时期各朝法律中的存留养亲制度,清朝是运用存留养亲制度较为成熟、完善的。存留养亲制度是指在我国古代被判处死刑、徒刑和流刑的犯人,因为长辈亲属年老,膝下无人照料生活,可以把按照相关法律规定对犯人的刑罚暂时不予以执行,允许其在家侍奉长辈亲属,等到长辈亲属离世后再执行原来的刑罚的一项法律制度。存留养亲制度不仅有利于维系家庭和谐,还能够维持社会稳定,巩固国家政权。本文通过分析存留养亲制度的历史发展脉络,从整体上对存留养亲制度有一个全面的认识,并且通过对中西法律观念的对比,指出存留养亲制度最终废除的成因,从而为我国司法改革提供借鉴与参考。     

Is right ventricular mid-septal pacing superior to apical pacing in patients with high degree atrio-ventricular block and moderately depressed left ventricular function?

Objective

We are aimed to investigate whether right ventricular mid-septal pacing (RVMSP) is superior to conventional right ventricular apical pacing (RVAP) in improving clinical functional capacity and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) for patients with high-degree atrio-ventricular block and moderately depressed left ventricle (LV) function.

Methods

Ninety-two patients with high-degree atrio-ventricular block and moderately reduced LVEF (ranging from 35% to 50%) were randomly allocated to RVMSP (n=45) and RVAP (n=47). New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, echocardiographic LVEF, and distance during a 6-min walk test (6MWT) were determined at 18 months after pacemaker implantation. Serum levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.

Results

Compared with baseline, NYHA functional class remained unchanged at 18 months, distance during 6MWT (485 m vs. 517 m) and LVEF (36.7% vs. 41.8%) were increased, but BNP levels were reduced (2352 pg/ml vs. 710 pg/ml) in the RVMSP group compared with those in the RVAP group, especially in patients with LVEF 35%–40% (for all comparisons, P<0.05). However, clinical function capacity and LV function measurements were not significantly changed in patients with RVAP, despite the pacing measurements being similar in both groups, such as R-wave amplitude and capture threshold.

Conclusions

RVMSP provides a better clinical utility, compared with RVAP, in patients with high-degree atrioventricular block and moderately depressed LV function whose LVEF levels ranged from 35% to 40%.     

建构主义理论指导下的高职英语口语支架式教学模式探索

建构主义理论指导下的支架式教学模式在外语教学中具有重要的理论和应用价值。在深入分析当前高职英语口语教学中存在的主要问题的基础上,尝试将支架式教学模式引入高职英语口语教学中。通过创设真实情境、组织协作学习等措施,探索能够激发学生的主动性、潜能和创新精神,提高高职英语口语教学效果的新途径。     

试论社会主义核心价值观的传播原则与传播方式

社会主义核心价值观是社会主义核心价值体系的内核,体现社会主义核心价值体系的根本性质和基本特征,加强社会主义核心价值观的宣传教育是时代赋予我们的历史重任.怎样才能有效对人民群众进行核心价值观宣传与传播是十分现实的问题.文章系统梳理了古今中外核心价值观的传播方式,总结目前中国在社会主义核心价值观问题上的主要传播方式,并结合一些地方的积极探索,提出社会主义核心价值观传播方式的创新.     

Chinese Family Groups' Museum Visit Motivations: A Comparative Study of Beijing and Vancouver

This comparative study explored Chinese family groups' dominant visit motivations in science museums and aquariums in order to understand the perceptions of these audiences, who are an under‐represented cultural demographic in the literature. In this study, 503 Chinese participants—131 in the China Science and Technology Museum, Beijing; 127 in the Beijing Aquarium, Beijing; 136 in Science World British Columbia, Vancouver; and 109 in the Vancouver Aquarium, Vancouver—completed a Family Group Visit Motivation Questionnaire. The results report four dominant visit motivations for these Chinese family groups. Significant differences in a fifth motivation, social interaction, were detected in comparing the Beijing and Vancouver Chinese family samples. Also, Chinese family groups were more likely to perceive science museums to be settings that can satisfy their educational and personal interest needs, compared to aquariums. This study provides insights for science museums and aquarium practitioners to better understand this audience demographic.     

我国高等教育资源配置方式转换与制度环境

我国选择社会主义市场经济作为配置资源的基本经济制度 ,使影响高等教育资源配置转换的制度环境发生了质的改变。本文在分析框架中引入制度环境这一外生变量 ,重点探讨我国改革开放以来高等教育资源配置变化与制度环境的关联性 ,以及不同约束条件下高等教育资源配置方式变化的特点。讨论的要点为 :在原有计划配置的框架中不可能使资源再扩大 ;资源的增量主要是在市场环境中通过制度创新实现的。     

初论NGO与中国群众体育发展的结合

缺少活动场地、活动经费、社会体育指导员等,这些因素都成为了制约我国社会体育进一步发展的瓶颈.而这些问题恰恰又是"政府"、"民间"这两种社会体育形式的症结所在."官办"社会体育不堪重负,必须解放;"民间自发组织"太过松散不利发展,需要革新.NGO作为一种非政府性组织,它的界于紧凑型(政府)和松散型(民间自发)两种社会体育模式的特性,是通向组织多元化的途径,也是解决我国现行社会体育模式弊端的有效方式.     

在探究性学习中发展学生的创新能力

探究性学习能很好地促进创新能力发展。通过探究性学习事件的选择、实施。解决好时间、器材等探究性学习资源与实际的矛盾。在评价中予以引导等三条途径，促进学生操作技能、思维能力有创新性发展。     

推广数控技术 振兴西部经济

在经济相对落后的西部地区推广数控技术，以先进的技术打造传统的制造业，并把人才培养、职业培训、产品开发、科技应用和经济发展紧密结合起来，是科学技术转化为生产力的重要途径，具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。     

"球操"教学模式在普通高校篮球教学中的设计应用

对普通高校篮球课采用“球操”教学法,组织进行了准备活动或专门练习的设计应用,通过对实验组和对照组实验结果的对比分析表明:“球操”教学模式在篮球技术教学中运用是可行有效的,教学质量的提高也较明显。