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1.
"武科应试器械"考论 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
从体育文化角度对古代“武科”考试内容、应试器械等进行系统研究。结果显示:“武科”,又称“武举”,创立于唐武则天长安二年(702年),废于清末光绪二十七年(1901年8月29日),历经一千二百年。考试分外场(以长垛、马射、步射、刀术、枪术、翘关等体育项目为主)和内场(策论)。唐“武科”主要外场器械为弓箭,辅从刀、枪等。宋以弓箭刀枪为主同时将弩踏等作为考试项目。明代“武科”项目沿袭唐宋,外场器械未有变化。清代开始增加了“技勇”项目,分别为开硬弓、舞大刀、掇石。课题研究旨在为我国民族传统体育学的长足发展提供实质性的理论文献资料。 相似文献
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Our argument in this paper is that the model of literary progression which Bakhtin (1981, 1986) expounds in his writing on the chronotope can generate insight into the processes through which pupils improve their writing. We suggest more generally that there are concepts and clues in Bakhtin's historical model of the development of the European novel and in his theory of dialogue which can be helpful in both the evaluation and teaching of classroom writing. 相似文献
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Gary Burnett Paul T. Jaeger Kim M. Thompson 《Library & information science research》2008,30(1):56-66
Information access is central to library and information science, yet explorations of its conceptual nature have been limited. Given the importance of information access to the discipline, there is a need for research to create a better understanding of the concept and its many roles in all activities and behaviors related to information. Drawing on the theoretical work of Elfreda Chatman, this article proposes that the study of information access can be facilitated through the recognition and examination of the physical, intellectual, and social aspects of information access. These types of access are examined through three case studies in terms of different information behaviors and contexts, with a particular focus on the importance of social access. The article also discusses the future roles that considerations of social access can play in research and theory. 相似文献
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Searching online information resources using mobile devices is affected by small screens which can display only a fraction
of ranked search results. In this paper we investigate whether the search effort can be reduced by means of a simple user
feedback: for a screenful of search results the user is encouraged to indicate a single most relevant document. In our approach
we exploit the fact that, for small display sizes and limited user actions, we can construct a user decision tree representing
all possible outcomes of the user interaction with the system. Examining the trees we can compute an upper limit on relevance
feedback performance. In this study we consider three standard feedback algorithms: Rocchio, Robertson/Sparck-Jones (RSJ)
and a Bayesian algorithm. We evaluate them in conjunction with two strategies for presenting search results: a document ranking
that attempts to maximize information gain from the user’s choices and the top-D ranked documents. Experimental results indicate
that for RSJ feedback which involves an explicit feature selection policy, the greedy top-D display is more appropriate. For
the other two algorithms, the exploratory display that maximizes information gain produces better results. We conducted a
user study to compare the performance of the relevance feedback methods with real users and compare the results with the findings
from the tree analysis. This comparison between the simulations and real user behaviour indicates that the Bayesian algorithm,
coupled with the sampled display, is the most effective.
Extended version of “Evaluating Relevance Feedback Algorithms for Searching on Small Displays, ” Vishwa Vinay, Ingemar J.
Cox, Natasa Milic-Frayling, Ken Wood published in the proceedings of ECIR 2005, David E. Losada, Juan M. Fernández-Luna (Eds.),
Springer 2005, ISBN 3-540-25295-9 相似文献
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Holly Thompson 《Medical reference services quarterly》2018,37(1):97-104
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) library instruction program provides training services to staff, clinicians, and researchers across NIH and several Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) operating divisions. The audience, training needs, and training topics are diverse and constantly changing. The NIH library has developed several new services and class topics to meet the needs of its NIH and HHS communities. Context, strategies, and future directions for the NIH library instruction program are described. 相似文献
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