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21.
Taking lower-secondary schooling within the English educational system as an example, this paper illustrates the contribution
of two bodies of international scholarship to the scoping of research-based pedagogical development aimed at improving student
attitude and achievement in science and mathematics. After sketching the English context of systemic reform, the paper uses
findings from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) series to illuminate changes in performance,
analysed within a framework of cross-system and between-subject comparison. Contrary to the optimistic picture from national
assessment, the TIMSS findings suggest that systemic reform has produced fundamental gains only in student achievement in
mathematics, and serious declines in student attitude towards both mathematics and science. Prompted by more favourable patterns
elsewhere, the paper then triangulates the findings of recent meta-analytic research syntheses to identify promising lines
of pedagogical development. Despite important differences in the conceptual frameworks and analytic methods of these syntheses,
reasonably robust conclusions can be drawn about the effectiveness of four teaching components: domain-specific inquiry for student achievement in both subjects, student attitude in science, and learning processes in mathematics; cooperative group work for learning and attitude in science; contextual orientation for achievement in science; and active teaching for achievement in mathematics. Equally, discrepancies between findings or insufficiencies of evidence highlight a number
of impacts particularly deserving deeper analysis or further investigation: cooperative group work on achievement outcomes, differing forms of learning assessment on both attitude and achievement outcomes, contextual orientation on outcomes in mathematics, and active teaching on outcomes in science. 相似文献
22.
Educational psychology courses should be the best taught courses on college campuses given that its instructors and textbook authors are resident experts in learning and teaching. More specifically, we contend that educational psychology courses should adhere to six principles. Educational psychology courses should: (a) be driven by teaching models, (b) integrate theory and practice, (c) provide opportunities to practice teaching skills, (d) present an integrated model for instructional planning, (e) prepare teachers to teach learning strategies, and (f) help students learn. We surveyed practicing teachers and analyzed current educational psychology texts and found that these principles are not upheld. We report on the principles, our findings, and how an educational psychology course that upholds these principles might be developed. 相似文献
23.
A Framework for Research on Large-scale Reform 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Variation in the success of large-scale reform is afunction of many factors interacting at many ``levels'.Built on a selective review of the evidence aboutlarge-scale reform, this paper provides a framework forexplaining such variation, as well as assessing progressin that direction. Relevant factors influencing reformsuccess, according to the framework, include broad international social, economic and political trends bearing on education, characteristics of national educationalpolicies and strategies for their implementation, and localconditions conceptualized in terms of a model of workplaceproductivity; this model is defined by local practitioners' motivation, capacity, and the organizationalconditions in which they work. This framework has been usedto guide the external evaluation of the National Literacy andNumeracy Strategies. 相似文献
24.
The Consistency and Concomitants of Inhibition: Some of the Children, All of the Time 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
Kenneth H. Rubin Paul D. Hastings Shannon L. Stewart Heather A. Henderson Xinyin Chen 《Child development》1997,68(3):467-483
Toddlers displaying extremely inhibited behavior may be at risk for becoming socially withdrawn. However, behavioral inhibition may be a multifaceted characteristic, and its concurrent relation to toddler wariness with peers has not been examined. In this study, 108 toddlers (54 females) and their mothers were observed in novel situations involving unfamiliar settings, adults, and peers. Vagal tone, temperament, separation-reunion behavior, and maternal oversolicitousness also were assessed. There was little consistency of inhibited behavior across the 3 situations. Consistently inhibited toddlers had fearful temperaments, showed distress following maternal separation, and had mothers who were warm and controlling but unresponsive to children's cues during interaction. Toddlers with highly fearful temperaments and highly oversolicitous mothers were the most inhibited across contexts. 相似文献
25.
Kenneth N. Ross 《Prospects》1992,22(3):305-316
Author of numerous publications on the use of social indicators to guide decisions concerning resource allocation within education systems. Co-editor of Planning the Quality of Education (IIEP-UNESCO and Pergamon Press). His research interests are focused on indicators of the quality of basic education in developing countries. 相似文献
26.
This study investigated the effect of type of control and level of feedback during computer-based instruction. Subjects completed a computer lesson about the microscope that presented either mandatory or optional practice questions. Practice was accompanied by either elaboration feedback, correct-answer feedback, or no feedback. Results indicated that level of feedback had a significant effect on achievement and attitudes. Implications for including feedback in computer-based instruction are discussed. 相似文献
27.
Wolff-Michael Roth Kenneth Robin Andrea Zimmermann 《Learning Environments Research》2002,5(3):353-354
Volume Contents
Volume contents 相似文献28.
29.
Kenneth D. Peterson Christine Wahlquist Julie Esparza Brown Swapna Mukhopadhyay 《Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education》2003,17(4):317-330
Parent or guardian perceptions play a specialized role in the evaluation of school teachers. Parents are important stakeholders
in teacher success, they are in some instances partners in the teachers' work, parents have unique personal information about
student learning, and they can report on the teacher duties to inform parents about the classroom and child progress. This
study analyzed the responses of parents to 12 survey items concerning teacher performance in 201 classrooms. The surveys were
used as part of an innovative teacher evaluation program in which teachers elected to include parent feedback as one objective
data source for annual review. In this study three factors emerged as important concerns for parents: humane treatment of
students, support for pupil learning, and effective communication and collaboration with parents. Recommendations for use
of specific survey items can be based on the empirical results of this sampling. The data gathered by parent surveys define
one dimension of quality which may vary in importance from one teacher to another. 相似文献
30.
Professor Kenneth Tobin Wolff-Michael Roth Sabitra Brush 《Research in Science Education》1995,25(3):267-281
The education of prospective Elementary and Early Childhood (E&EC) teachers to teach science has been an on-going challenge
for science teacher educators. Accordingly, a course in physical science was planned and implemented especially for prospective
E&EC teachers. The purpose of this study was to understand the nature of the enacted curriculum and about the forces which
constrained its evolution. Miller, the teacher of the course, had no prior experience in teaching prospective E&EC teachers
and many of his experiences as a university level teacher were based on his teaching of physics majors. These experiences
shaped his approach to teaching the course as did his years as a basketball coach. Miller was an expert in physics and constructed
his role as teaching students significant scientific truths. Miller saw the purpose of the course as being to educate the
students in science, not to prepare them to teach science. He was unwilling to address the goals of students that were oriented
strongly toward becoming better teachers. The beliefs of the teacher constrained the enacted curriculum to an extent that
gaps between the needs of students and the enacted curriculum were wider at the end of the course than they were at the beginning.
Armstrong College
In my opinion I think I failed completely, but I am quite happy with what I am trying to do. I just don't think I executed
it well. So I was pretty unhappy with the whole experience in terms of the results, but I was not unhappy with the experience
in terms of whether it was worth doing. I think it is important in science to develop free-thinking and being able to come
to conclusions. Science is being able to reflect on the human condition, and being able to think about things you don't know
about. (Miller) 相似文献