论信息生态系统中信息人的相互作用

探讨在信息生态系统中信息人相互作用的范围、纽带、方式和效果。指出相互作用范围包括种内相互作用和种间相互作用,相互作用的纽带主要有信息资源流转和信息资源共建共享,竞争和合作是信息人相互作用的两种基本方式,相互作用效果类型多样且分布具有偏利、偏害、同质互利、异质互利、同质互害、异质互害等多种情况。     

失衡世界中的永恒希望——论霍桑作品中的女性光辉形象

比较分析霍桑的三部作品,我们发现一个共性:女主角形象光辉照人,男主角形象晦涩黯淡。信仰,准则,神性,人性,男人,女人,----纵横交织构成了复杂的现实世界,而这个世界却是不平衡的。男性通过压迫女性来彰显自我往往导致得不偿失;阴阳平衡的状态一旦打破,就会产生这样那样的问题。霍桑小说中的很多社会问题都可以归结于社会生态的失衡。在霍桑看似绝望的文学蓝图中隐藏着永恒的希望,这希望便是女性的光辉。     

合成生物与生物安全

合成生物学基于生物、化学、物理、计算、工程等多学科交叉,对生物体以工程化的方式重新设计甚至是从头合成,将克服自然进化的局限,创造超越自然生命能力的合成生物,不仅对探索生命活动基本规律具有重要科学意义,也在工农业生产、环境保护、健康保健等领域具有巨大应用前景。随着合成生物技术发展的日新月异,合成生物的应用范围日益广泛,如何保障合成生物的生物安全性成为一个极其重要并且亟待解决的关键问题。合成生物学研究中大量涉及来自于病毒、致病性细菌和真菌的强毒力基因元器件,且被设计和使用的毒性基因元件和调控元件的数目也从少数几个跃升为几十个、上百个,乃至整个基因组的重新设计和编辑改造。如果缺乏有效管控或被恶意谬用,这些人工合成生物体可能会对生态环境平衡、公共卫生安全乃至国家国防安全造成威胁。因此,在人工设计和改造生物体的过程中,必须建立系统的防范和监控体系,设计有效的方法和技术来阻止人工生命体在野外环境下的复制和增殖、遗传信息的漂移以及阻断其进化出新的环境适应性,做到完全的人工改造生物隔离,达到真正的人工可控生命目标,确保其生物安全性。文章综述了合成生物学的研究进展和合成生物潜在的生物安全性威胁,以及合成生物的生物安全性防控设计策略,并对相关安全政策规章的制定给出了建议。     

考古出土构件文化价值呈现的艺术手法——以千年古城严州府保护工程为例

突破传统将考古出土构件陈列在博物馆的做法,让构件走出展馆,将历史文脉渗透进室外的街巷细景,游客和市民在移步换景中充分感受古城的文化底蕴和魅力.以千年古城严州府综合保护工程为例,基于类型学方法应用于考古构件分类评价,深入研究考古出土构件在街巷景观、牌坊复建、室外展陈、新技术应用中文化价值呈现的艺术手法,阐述这一创新手法及其所实现的"让历史说话,让文物说话,让文化说话"良好效果,让文物的生命以另一种形式得以延续.     

网络语音实验室条件下的教与学

从教学环境、学生和教师的角度,分析网络语音实验室条件下高校英语教学的优势与问题,并提出有必要对师生进行课程前期实验室使用和维护的培训;学生需要建立科学的网络学习观,培养个性学习策略和方法;教师应强化网络教学的教学形式、评价体系并适应角色转换。     

Polyethylenimine-cyclodextrin-tegafur conjugate shows anti-cancer activity and a potential for gene delivery

Polyethylenimine-cyclodextrin-tegafur (PEI-CyD-tegafur) conjugate was synthesized as a novel multifunctional prodrug of tegafur for co-delivery of chemotherapeutic agent tegafur and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter plasmid DNA. Conjugation of tegafur to PEI-CyD via chemical linkage was characterized by ¹H NMR spectrometry and ultraviolet (UV) spectrometry. PEI-CyD-tegafur was able to condense plasmid DNA into complexes of around 150 nm with positive charge at the N/P ratio of 25, in accordance with electron microscopy observation of compact and monodisperse nanoparticles. The results of in vitro experiments showed enhanced cytotoxicity and considerable transfection efficiency in B16F10 cell line. Therefore, PEI-CyD-tegafur may have great potential as a co-delivery system with anti-cancer activity and potential for gene delivery.     

Misoprostol-is more research needed?

Misoprostol (Cytotec) is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue that was designed for the prevention and treatment of peptic ulcer associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In obstetrics, misoprostol has been administered for induction of first and second trimester abortion, for induction of labor in the third trimester, and to control postpartum hemorrhage. None of these uses has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Nevertheless, misoprostol is widely used in the United States and throughout the world. Advantages are cited as reduced rate of cesareans, shorter time from induction to birth and, particularly in developing countries, lower cost, oral, vaginal or rectal administration, and stability without refrigeration. Disadvantages are uterine hyperstimulation and, in rare instances, uterine rupture and death. Mothers should be informed of both the risks and the possible benefits of misoprostol. Further research with large samples is necessary to determine whether the risks outweigh any possible benefits.     

Schools as knowledge work organizations: Perspectives and implications from the new management literature

The authors argue that the knowledge work metaphor is the most powerful image of schools for understanding reform. Using themes from the new management literature, such as shared decision making, collegiality, innovation, and experimentation, as additional guides for school improvement, the authors develop a case for systemic reform based on the professionalization of teaching and the integration of theory, research, and practice, Finally, transformational leadership is presented as the key to facilitating systemic reform.     

鸢尾紫色素的提取与理化性质研究

以高原鸢尾花为原料，提取紫色色素，并对紫色色素的理化性质进行了研究。结果表明色素具有较好的稳定性，具有一定的开发利用价值。     

Current studies on two separate topics: breastfeeding postpartum length of hospital stay

IN THIS COLUMN, THE AUTHOR EXAMINES RECENT RESEARCH ON TWO SEPARATE TOPICS: 1) breastfeeding; 2) postpartum length of hospital stay. Recent studies suggest long-term effects of breastfeeding that benefit both mother and infant. Benefits include a reduced risk of breast cancer in breastfeeding mothers and a reduced level of total and LDH cholesterol in adults who were breastfed as infants. Infants of mothers with maternal asthma had lower rates of asthma if the mother breastfed. In a study of women in the United States who planned to breastfeed, those mothers who breastfed exclusively and planned to breastfeed more than three months were more likely to achieve their goals than mothers who planned to combine breast and human-milk substitute feeds and to breastfeed less than three months.In a Canadian study, shortened postpartum stays led to increased re-admission to hospital for mothers with cesarean births. In contrast, in a Massachusetts study, shortened postpartum stays did not lead to an increase in infant visits for urgent care. However, the Massachusetts study did not reflect a decrease in maternity-related costs associated with shortened length of postpartum stay.