Physical activity levels of 5-11-year-old children in England as determined by continuous observation.

Continuous observation of the physical activity of 56 preadolescent children was conducted in four regions of England from October 1988 to July 1989. Observations were undertaken during school break times, lunch times, and physical education lessons, as well as during the children's free time. Of total time observed, the children spent 32.4% of it engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Children were shown to be most active during school breaks and least active during free time at home. However, it is thought that cardiorespiratory benefits are best achieved by participation in sustained periods of MVPA. Only 8 (14%) of the 56 children were observed to participate in MVPA for sustained periods of 20 min or longer. A random sample of 55 physical education lessons was observed. Only 6 children engaged in MVPA for sustained periods of 5 min or more, and no children participated in MVPA for 10 min or longer. The implications of these results are that, although the children engaged in a reasonable amount of MVPA, it may not have been sustained for periods of sufficient length to produce a cardiovascular training response. Consideration is given to ways of promoting lifelong involvement in physical activity.     

Integration Factors Related to the Academic Success and Intent to Persist of College Students with Learning Disabilities

Despite increased enrollment, outcomes such as grade point average (GPA), persistence, and graduation rates for college students with learning disabilities (LD) continue to lag behind those of their nondisabled peers. Reasons for the differences vary but may include academic and social integration, factors identified as important to the success of college students in general. This research investigated the relative influence of background characteristics, precollege achievement, and college integration variables on the academic success and intent to persist of college freshmen and sophomores with LD. While academic and social integration were not unique predictors of college GPA, both integration variables were unique predictors of intent to persist. The findings suggest that beyond high school achievement and background characteristics, college experiences as captured by academic and social integration are promising constructs to help explain the persistence of college students with LD. Implications for future research and practices for high school and college personnel are discussed.     

体育教学多媒体课件制作研究

多媒体课件在当前教学中的应用已很广泛,然而由于体育教学的特殊性,体育教学多媒体课件还没有得到广泛的应用.本文从体育教学多媒体课件制作的前期准备、搜集素材、制作使用等方面进行了分析研究.     

如何在复式教学中实施素质教育

复式教学是山区农村普及九年义务教育的一种重要的教学组织形式，在基础教育中发挥着重要的作用。要切实提高复式教学质量，使学生在德、智、体、美、劳诸方面都得到生动活泼的、主动的全面发展，必须在教育教学中全面实施素质教育。一、转变教学观念，面向全体学生复式教学大都在山区农村，培训出来的学生大部分都将成为当地农村的建设者，因此，复式教学首先要在教学中面向全体学生，使每一个学生的思想道德素质、文化科学素质、审美素质、身心素质和劳动技能素质都得到充分的提高，为日后参加农村精神文明建设和物质文明建设打下初步基础…     

The Technical Quality of Performance Assessments: Standard Errors of Percents of Pupils Reaching Standards

How accurate is the reported percent of students’reaching standards at the school level? How are standard errors for these statistics computed? How do estimates vary with choice of generalizability model?     

Academic libraries and university presses

In recent years university presses have undergone some significant changes, such as expansion of their scope to include materials that may have appeal beyond the scholarly market. This article investigates, through the use of a survey of university libraries, the acquisition of university press products by libraries. In general, recent years have been changes in the relationship between university presses and libraries that have resulted in fewer items being purchased by the libraries.     

论体育教育专业改革的职业需求适应性

体育教育专业在培养中小学体育师资方面起着重要的作用,因而,体育教育专业的培养目标和教学模式必须适应现代社会的需求,适应中小学体育教学.21世纪中小学体育必将进行一系列的改革.分析了中小学体育的教学目标、教学方法和课程设置,同时对体育教育专业改革的若干方面进行了探讨.     

要同中学生谈自爱

当前，有少数中学生不懂得自爱。他们有的自卑，有的自弃，无所事事，无心向学。针对这些问题，德育工作者应该和中学生朋友推心置腹地谈谈自爱，劝导中学生自爱应从下面八个方面做起。１．珍惜自己的身体。身体是学习和工作的本钱，没有一个健康的体魄，就不能进行正常的学习和工作。中学生不仅要注意饮食卫生，保证定时定量，全面摄取营养，满足身体发育的需要，还要按时作息，保证每天有８～９小时的睡眠，积极参加体育锻炼，上好体育课，做好“两操”，讲究用脑和用眼卫生。２．爱惜自己的生命。人最宝贵的东西是生命，生命对于每个人只…