Purpose: This paper examines if and how agricultural researchers and extension officers can see, understand and change processes that exclude some people and influence marginalisation.
Design and methodology: We used participatory action research (PAR) in a programme building sustainable farming practices for nutrition and income in Solomon Islands as our case study. Two qualitative PAR data streams were analysed: (i) documentation of community activities over three years including action planning, learning activities, training workshops, focus group discussions, key informant and informal interviews and (ii) documentation of the research teams’ own learning and reflection sessions.
Findings: Agricultural research and learning activities facilitated through PAR can help researchers and extension officers see, understand and challenge processes that cause social exclusion and marginalisation and lead to inequitable access to agricultural opportunities. A combination of (i) starting with a collective vision; (ii) facilitating systematic reflection exercises; and (iii) having locally tuned facilitators creating safe spaces; makes processes of social exclusion tangible, discussable and ultimately actionable, illustrating the potential of the research and extension processes to facilitate social change in real time.
Theoretical Implications: The paper makes a contribution to the growing body of theory and literature on innovation systems and people-centred approaches to agricultural development, by highlighting the facilitation challenges and opportunities that can create more learning focused and power-aware agricultural programming.
Practical Implications: Our approach, examined in this paper, can improve implementation of policies such as the Solomon Islands Agriculture and Livestock Sector Policy (2015–2019), which aims for active participation of women and youth in agricultural development.
Originality: Using a PAR approach to discover how agricultural research and extension activities can help transform the processes that cause social exclusion and create disadvantage and marginalisation. 相似文献
Conclusion The findings show that Thai schoolchildren interpret the causes of health and sickness using their cultural knowledge and
commonsense knowledge as well as school knowledge learned in the classroom. The cultural and commonsense knowledge are remarkedly
different from what they are taught. More importantly, when the children employ school knowledge, the explanations are still
very much commonsense interpretations.
What do these findings imply then? They suggest that despite lengthy training in the classroom, the influence of the culture
in which the children are growing up and their everyday experiences play an important role in their learning process. The
basis of their understanding of the causes of health and sickness still seems to be in cultural and commonsense knowledge. 相似文献
The demand by people with disabilities to university education has been growing in recent years. A pilot study of five universities reviews their equity profiles and on‐the‐ground practices in relation to students with disabilities. Particular attention is paid to departments of Social Work which are postulated to contain the conditions under which disability issues in education might be recognised. The research suggests that there are major resource problems in meeting needs, exacerbated by bureaucratic conflict in government, and a limited willingness by resource‐pressed universities to plan effectively the recruitment and support of students with disabilities. Greatest progress has occurred where student action is most sustained and senior staff have a personal commitment to change 相似文献
This study examines changes in black adolescents’ perceptions of the elderly following participation in an eight‐week intergenerational project. The project matched 19 teenagers with 19 elderly subjects from a large senior citizens center. Using an experimental design, students were matched by age with a control group (n = 20). A 20‐item semantic differential scale and the Children's Perceptions of Aging and Elderly (CPAE) inventory were used to measure attitude change. Posttest results from a matched pair t‐test found significant attitude change in the experimental group: semantic differential (t = 2.8, p < .01); CPAE (t = 4.2, p < .01). Qualitative comments from the youth and elderly participants further indicate positive qualities of the partners program. 相似文献
This paper argues that the key to enhancing professional excellence in psychology education lies with ensuring strong alignments between curricular, pedagogical and media/technology mix concerns, delivered within an inter‐linked suite of distributed learning environments designed for the professional preparation of students. An overarching design is necessary because there are recognizable developmental stages of professional competence in psychology, with each stage characterized by specific curricular and pedagogical concerns, which in turn must be supported by different types of distributed learning environments. To equip students for the demands of the profession, deliberate design of distributed learning environments that support all stages of students' professional development in an integrated and purposeful way is essential. Création d'environnements de formation décentralisée comme support du développement professionnel dans le domaine de la psychologie Cet exposé démontre que la chose principale qui sert à augmenter le mérite professionnel de l'éducation de psychologie est de créer des rapports importants entre le but du programme des études, l'intérêt pédagogique et le mixe médias‐technologique. Ceci est transmit dans une suite connexe d'environnements de formation décentralisée importants pour la préparation professionnelle des étudiants. Un concept détaillé est nécessaire, parce qu'il existe de différents stages de développement de connaissance professionnelle dans le domaine de la psychologie, et chaque stage est caractérisé par des intérêts specifiques pédagogiques ainsi que par le programme des études, qui doivent être soutenus par de différents types d'environnements de formation décentralisée. Un concept réfléchi d'environnements de formation décentralisée qui soutient tous les stages de développement professionnel d'étudiants d'une manière integrée et orientée sur un but est essentiel. Bildung dezentralisierter Lernumfelder als unterstützende Maßnahme der beruflichen Entwicklung im Bereich der Psychologie Dieser Bericht zeigt auf, dass der Schlüssel für die Steigerung einer beruflich hervorragenden Leistung im Bereich der Schulpsychologie darin liegt, starke Verbindungen zwischen dem Lehrplans, den pädagogischen Anliegen und dem medien‐technologischen Mix zu schaffen, die innerhalb einer verknüpften Folge dezentralisierter Lernumfelder gefördert werden, die für die berufliche Qualifizierung von Studenten bestimmt sind. Eine umfassende Konzeption ist erforderlich, weil beim Erwerb beruflichen Fachwissens im Bereich der Psychologie erkennbare Entwicklungsphasen existieren, wobei jede Phase durch spezifische Lehrplan‐ und pädagogische Gesichtspunkte gekennzeichnet ist, die wiederum durch verschiedene Arten dezentralisierter Lernumfelder unterstützt werden müssen. Um Studenten auf die Anforderungen des Berufslebens vorzubereiten, ist es notwendig, dezentralisierte Lernumfelder zu bilden, die alle Phasen der beruflichen Entwicklung von Studenten auf eine integrierte und zielorientierte Art unterstützen. 相似文献
Conflict over the University of North Dakota's (UND) “Fighting Sioux” logo and nickname has been protracted and bitter, lasting over 40 years. This article presents four explanations for UND's status as one of the last universities to maintain a Native American nickname and logo: the dynamics of racism, the power of booster culture, North Dakota cultural features, and the influence of a wealthy donor. The article contributes to an understanding of how American Indian sports monikers and images represent the intractable nature of institutionalized white privilege and reflect the consequent failure of educational systems to promote social justice. 相似文献