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61.
Most LD students spend the major part of the school day within the regular classroom. Research, however, supports the rejected status of these students. The purpose of this presentation is to: (a) review research pertaining to the feelings professionals and peers have about learning disabled students, and (b) review those factors that may be important for consideration when attempting to modify these perceptions. School psychologists should address the attitudinal issues with a knowledge and basic conceptualization of various strategies that may be utilized to initiate attitude modification programs.  相似文献   
62.
Children's representations of conflict and distress situations at 7 years were examined as developmental precursors to relational aggression, overt aggression, and psychiatric symptoms in early adolescence. Children were identified in early adolescence. Children were identified in preschool as normally developing or with behavior problems. Overt, but not relational, aggression, was correlated with concurrent disruptive symptoms in adolescence. Childhood predictors of adolescent aggression were found only for girls: Early hostile themes predicted more relational and overt aggression, while prosocial themes predicted less relational aggression. Also for girls only, early emotions foretold later functioning: Sadness predicted a higher ratio of relational to overt aggression, while inexpressiveness predicted disruptive, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Relational and overt aggression are discussed with regard to sex differences in symptom changes over time.  相似文献   
63.
Family mealtimes have the potential to promote healthy child development. This observational study of 200 family mealtimes examined the relation between child health in a group of children (ages 5 to 12) with persistent asthma and 3 dimensions of mealtime interaction: Action, Behavior Control, and Communication. Percent time spent in Action and Positive Communication varied by asthma severity, child quality of life, and sociodemographic variables. Positive communication during mealtimes predicted child quality of life. Significant interactions between demographic variables and behavior control suggested that higher levels of behavior control affected child quality of life in the context of lower maternal education. Guidance is offered for practitioners and policy makers toward promoting healthy family mealtimes as a public health priority.  相似文献   
64.
The effects of test stimulus range on generalization gradients in humans were assessed for discriminations between faces that varied in brightness, faces that varied in orientation in the picture plane, and morphed faces. In Experiment 1, significant range effects, predicted by adaptation level theory, occurred when faces varied along the brightness or orientation dimension, but not for morphed faces. Changing the difficulty of discrimination of both training and test stimuli for Experiment 2 produced range effects in morphed faces. Experiment 3 explored training and testing stimulus factors as determinants of range effects in morphed faces. The results suggest that sufficiently biased testing ranges create shifts in response distributions (generalization gradients), and this may be amplified by using relatively difficult discriminations between training stimuli.  相似文献   
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The uptake and use of digital technologies is studied in Unos Umeå, a joint one-to-one (1:1) research project between Umeå University and the municipality of Umeå in Sweden. This article presents the results of the third phase of the classroom work with laptops. Using the ecology of resources model (Luckin, 2010), these possibilities and challenges can be interpreted as the manifestation of filters in the learning environment. Alleviating technical problems, targeting low student laptop use, teacher collaboration, and teacher professional development (TPD) may help teachers and students gain and sustain technology-enhanced learning (TEL) in this 1:1 initiative.  相似文献   
67.
Pigeons trained to choose different stimuli following short- and long-duration signals make disproportionately more “short” choices (i.e., “choose-short errors”) following an increase in the retention interval and more “choose-long errors” following a decrease in this delay. The present experiment provided a systematic investigation of how these selective errors depend on the relationship between the training delay and the test delay. Pigeons were first trained with a 0-sec delay between the signal (2- or 8-sec food presentations) and the choice stimuli (red- and blue-lit keys). On subsequent test trials with 5- and 10-sec delays, choose-short errors predominated. Next, the birds were trained with a constant 10-sec delay and then tested with shorter or longer delays on some trials. The birds now responded accurately and without selective errors at the 10-sec training delay, but made choose-long errors at shorter delays and choose-short errors at longer delays. Finally, the birds were trained with a constant 20-sec delay and then tested with shorter and longer delays. Choose-long errors again appeared at shorter test delays, choose-short errors at longer test delays, and no differential errors at the 20-sec training delay. The selectivity of these errors generally increased with the absolute difference between the training and test delay. Theoretical implications of these results are discussed.  相似文献   
68.
ABSTRACT

With the proliferation of free and easy-to-use tools to make online tutorials, many libraries have been creating online tutorials for their users. These cover everything from showing users how to navigate the databases to covering issues like copyright and evaluation. While the tutorials range from entertaining to rather dry, many of them, regardless of their entertainment value, do not employ the methods that can lead to deeper learning. Mayer (2014a Mayer, R. E. (Ed.). (2014a). The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. [Google Scholar]) has explored the concepts and research around online tutorials in The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning. The principles covered in the handbook and in the related research can be quite counterintuitive for those of us who create online tutorials. This article explores these principles as they relate to tutorials created for library instruction. Additional research to expand on and support Mayer's principles will be discussed to provide evidence-based strategies for deepening learning and reducing elements that detract from learning.  相似文献   
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生成式人工智能引爆AI新时代,新技术不断涌现并快速迭代更新,AI技术应用呈现出百花齐放、百家争鸣的繁荣发展局面。借助AI发展东风,智慧数据的生成进入了高效、深化、多模态集成的新阶段,提升了数据驱动的文化遗产活化利用创新手段和创新形式的丰富度与可行性。本文旨在探索面向文化遗产活化利用的智慧数据生成路径。首先,从AI技术视角,对文化遗产智慧数据的内涵与价值进行回顾并知新;其次,系统分析从多元异构数据资源中生成智慧数据的典型做法;再次,以羌年为例,探讨非遗活态文化的智慧数据生成思路。最后,总结归纳AI赋能文化遗产智慧数据生成路径的四点参考策略:(1)抓住AI赋能机遇,补齐数据基础设施短板,加强数据资源体系建设;(2)尽快开展馆藏数据资源的“大语言模型+知识库”结合工作,实现智能分析与计算增强;(3)鼓励更广泛的文化遗产数据开放与共享,支持活化利用的创新应用;(4)确保可信的智慧数据。图3。表1。参考文献68。  相似文献   
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