The Spectre of Steroids: Nazi Propaganda,Cold War Anxiety and Patriarchal Paternalism

This essay demonstrates that certain fears in North America and Western Europe over steroid and other banned substance use in sport can be tied to three post-WWII events: reports that the Nazis had abused steroids to increase troop aggressiveness during WWII; claims during the cold war that Communist countries' athletes were utilizing steroids for purposes of totalitarian regime building similar to the manner in which the Nazis had allegedly used them; and allegations that east bloc female athletes were being used to further the cause of Communist regimes by being forced to accept the androgenizing effects of anabolic steroids and other hormone treatments. It is only with a full understanding of the repressed anxieties engendered by these events that the status of current banned substance policies can be fully and accurately evaluated.     

Relationships between emotional climate and the fluency of classroom interactions

This study examined emotional climate in relation to the teaching and learning of grade 7 science. A multi-method and multi-theoretic approach used sociocultural frameworks as a foundation for interpretive research, conversation analysis, prosody analysis, and studies of nonverbal conduct. Emotional climate varied continuously throughout a lesson. Dialogues occurred and afforded learning when interactions between the teacher and students were fluent and included humour and collective effervescence. Emotional climate was negatively valenced when the teacher and/or students endeavoured to establish and maintain power by restricting others’ participation to spectator roles. The teacher’s endeavours to maintain and establish control over students were potentially detrimental to teaching and learning, teachers and learners. This type of teaching gradually evolved into a form we referred to as cranky teaching, whereby the teacher and her students showed signs of frustration and the enacted teaching and learning roles lacked fluency. The methods we pioneered in the present study might be helpful for other teachers who wish to participate in research on their classes to ascertain what works and should be strengthened, and identify practices and rituals that are deleterious and in need of change.     

Editorial: the Salamanca Statement: 25 years on

ABSTRACT

June 2019 saw the 25th anniversary of the World Conference on Special Needs Education, which was co-organized by UNESCO and the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain, and held in the city of Salamanca. It led to the Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action on Special Needs Education, arguably the most significant international document that has ever appeared in the field of special education. In so doing, it endorsed the idea of inclusive education, which was to become a major influence in subsequent years. The articles in this special issue illustrate the ways in which the Salamanca Statement has and still is influencing the development of policies and practices across the world. In this editorial, we provide readers with some relevant background to these developments.     

The World of Popular Music

Tony Palmer's All You Need is Love: The Story of Popular Music (New York: Viking Press, 1976---$15.00)

Ron Schaumburg's Growing Up with the Beatles (New York: Pyramid Books, 1976---$5.95, paper)

Paul Gambaccini's Paul McCartney in His Own Words (New York: Flash Books/Quick Fox Inc., 1976---$3.95, paper)

Ritchie Yorke's The History of Rock 'n Roll (New York: Methuen/Two Continents, 1976---$5.95, paper)

Sharon Lawrence's So You Want to Be a Rock & Roll Star (New York: Dell, 1976---$1.75, paper)

Geoffrey Stokes' Star-Making Machinery: The Odyssey of an Album (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1976---$8.95)

Dave Dexter, Jr.'s Playback: A Newsman/Record Producer's Hits and Misses from the Thirties to the Seventies (New York: Billboard Publications, Inc., 1976---$9.95)

Ralph J. Gleason's Celebrating the Duke, and Louis, Bessie, Billie, Bird, Carmen, Miles, Dizzy, and Other Heroes (New York: Delta Books, 1976---$3.95, paper)

Alec Wilder's American Popular Song: The Great Innovators, 1900-1950 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1975---$6.95, paper)     

The role of classroom research projects in the preparation of science teachers

Research undertaken by educational researchers based in universities has not had the desired impact on the practices of classroom science teachers. Yet Goodlad (1990) has argued that if teaching is to be recognised as a profession there is a great need for the marrying of the knowledge of the practitioner with that of the researcher. Student teachers might learn to respect the potential for such a union by undertaking minor classroom research projects during their teacher preparation programs. This paper discusses the role of research projects in pre-service teacher preparation with reference to an inquiry conducted with teacher education students. Specializations: science education, teacher learning and preparation, teaching thinking.     

A SUCCESSFUL VIDEOCONFERENCE SATELLITE PROGRAM: PROVIDING NUTRITIONAL INFORMATION ON DEMENTIA TO RURAL CAREGIVERS

A videoconference satellite program proved to be an effective method of distance education for rural caregivers seeking information on nutrition and dementia. A team of specialists designed the 90-min program by implementing the components of successful videoconferencing: (a) defining the audience and their needs, (b) identifying key topics in the subject area, (c) designing an interactive program format, (d) coordinating activities at the downlink sites, (e) promoting the program, and (f) evaluating the project. The objectives of the teleconference, discussed in this article, were to provide rural caregivers with up-to-date nutrition interventions, to create a local environment in which caregivers and providers could interact, and to assess the general acceptance of videoconferencing as an educational medium in rural Montana. A panel consisting of a narrator, a physician, an occupational therapist, and a registered dietitian, provided an overview of nutritional concerns, discussed problem-solving techniques, and answered questions. Twenty-three Montana communities hosted the KU/C satellite frequency band downlink program for both family and professional caregivers. The program was simultaneously broadcast on public television. Program participants rated both program content and delivery method highly, and 100% of survey respondents indicated that they would attend another teleconference.     

Student Positioning within Groups During Science Activities

Positioning theory was used in my interpretation of the social interactions between Year 6 children during science activities. By examining the unproductive journey taken by students in one female dyad as they interacted with students in both mixed-gender and same-gender groups, it was possible to consider how gender, status and power relations intersected during opportunities for science learning. In this context, positioning theory was helpful in making visible that which is usually invisible to both teachers and researchers.