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81.
82.
Trade in Australian education services has expanded rapidly over recent years. The sector is the third largest exporter of
Australian services. In 2001–2002, exports of education were about $A 4.2 billion. Government assistance to the sector includes
export market development, regulation of education standards, and funding education activities; university research and development,
for example. This paper examines the case for further government intervention in the export of education, and the appropriate
forms of assistance if further government intervention is justified. The paper predominately focuses on assisting higher education
exports because this activity dominates education exports. 相似文献
83.
This investigation analyzed goals from the Individual Educational Programs (IEPs) of 54 high school students with diagnosed
reading disabilities in basic skills (decoding and/or word identification). Results showed that for 73% of the students, the
IEPs written when they were in high school failed to specify any objectives regarding their acute difficulties with basic
skills. IEPs from earlier points in the students’ educations were also reviewed, as available. For 23 of the students, IEPs
were present in the students’ files for three time points: elementary school (ES), middle school (MS), and high school (HS).
Another 20 students from the sample of 54 had IEPs available for two time points (HS and either MS or ES). Comparisons with
the IEPs from younger years showed a pattern of decline from ES to MS to HS in the percentage of IEPs that commented on or
set goals pertaining to weaknesses in decoding. These findings suggest that basic skills deficits that persist into the upper
grade levels are not being sufficiently targeted for remediation, and help explain why older students frequently fail to resolve
their reading problems. 相似文献
84.
The genetic and environmental etiologies of diverse aspects of language ability and disability, including articulation, phonology, grammar, vocabulary, and verbal memory, were investigated in a U.K. sample of 787 pairs of 4.5-year-old same-sex and opposite-sex twins. Moderate genetic influence was found for all aspects of language in the normal range. A similar pattern was found at the low end of the distribution with the exception of two receptive measures. Environmental influence was mainly due to nonshared factors, unique to the individual, with little influence from shared environment for most measures. Genetic and environmental influences on language ability and disability are quantitatively and qualitatively similar for males and females. 相似文献
85.
Photoresist technology, which is used for micro-patterning exploits changes in properties of polymeric materials, such as their solubility or volatility, upon photo-irradiation. This process has greatly benefitted from the knowledge base of organic chemistry and photo-induced organic transformations. The role of chemistry in the development of photoresists is described in this article. 相似文献
86.
This study seeks to analyze how students apply a mathematical modeling skill that was previously learned by solving standard word problems to the solution of word problems with nonstandard contexts. During the course of an experiment involving 106 freshmen, we assessed how well they were able to transfer the mathematical modeling skill that is used to solve standard problems to the solution of nonstandard ones that had an analogous structure. The results of our research show that students had varying degrees of success applying the different stages of modeling depending on whether they were solving a familiar problem (involving near transfer) or one that had an unfamiliar context (involving far transfer): in cases of near transfer, students applied the template formally even though it did not align with the text of the new word problem, which complicated further interpretation. In cases of far transfer, students chose to solve the problem by using an ordinary method of selecting a solution by trial and error in preference to the use of modeling. Thus, the application of the modeling skill as a multistage process is complicated when solving nonstandard problems involving either near or far transfer. 相似文献
87.
88.
James V. Devine Luther C. Jones Janice W. Neville Dilys J. Sakai 《Learning & behavior》1977,5(1):57-62
Two experiments were performed to determine the effect of sample duration (0.1, 2, and 4 sec), delay interval (.03, 4, 8, 16, and 32 sec), and type of stimulus (color and shape) on the matching performance of rhesus monkeys. In Experiment 1, the 15 possible delay-duration combinations were randomly presented in blocks of 15 trials. In Experiment 2, each duration was held constant and the five delays randomly presented. Then each delay interval was held constant with the three durations randomly varied. Matching performance increased as sample duration increased (ps < .01 and .005), while length of delay did not significantly affect performance. The type of stimuli paired in the matching test significantly affected performance (ps < .05 and .10) with the shape/shape choices leading to the poorest performance. Stimulus discriminability and amount of training with brief sample durations were implicated as significant determinants of matching performance. 相似文献
89.
4 locative categories were investigated to determine whether their examples were organized according to the prototype/nonprototype distinction. A ranking task was presented to 30 adult subjects to see whether they would judge those instances which had been designated as prototypes by the experimenter to be the best exemplars of each category. An elicited-drawing task was administered to see whether there was a preference for drawing adult-designated prototypical instances. A matching task was presented to determine whether fewer errors would occur in response to adult-designated prototypical instances. The latter 2 tasks were presented to 4-year-olds, 6-year-olds, and adults, with 17 subjects in each group. The results provide strong evidence of prototype/nonprototype organization in 3 of the locative categories and weak evidence in the fourth. Tentative conclusions regarding the development of such organization are drawn. 相似文献
90.