A Moment of Letting Go: Iris Murdoch and the Morally Transformative Process of Unselfing

Higher education as a personal, intellectual and moral cultivation is a longstanding ideal that is constantly challenged by the view that education is merely the development of specific skills for vocational and personal success. Much research argues that the latter understanding makes education a technical affair that creates an egocentric emphasis on the individual students’ ambitions and desires. This article joins in the defence of the former ideal by enquiring into the moral dimensions of education. This is done by turning to Iris Murdoch's idea of moral transformation, with a specific focus on the idea of unselfing. The main argument is that unselfing is a transformative process characterised by a growing attunement to the surrounding world, and the interconnectedness of goal and process is emphasised. Also, to gain a deeper understanding of what unselfing entails I turn to the idea of attention. It is understood as having a specific direction, outward from the egocentric, and as enabling unselfing. The article concludes by suggesting that unselfing can offer a challenge to (higher) education as it entails a moment of letting go of plans and narratives, and of surrendering to the influence of an existence that exceeds the individual. This moment is of relevance to education as it is crucial to the possibility of growing as a moral being as it cultivates a moral manner of relating to others.     

循环制竞赛成绩计算方式的研究

成绩计算是循环制竞赛判定名次所必须妥善解决的重要课题。本文就循环制竞赛成绩计算的核心内容——成绩计算方式展开深入探讨 ,提出和解决了若干理论问题和技术问题。     

论运动竞赛方法体系的建构

欲揭示竞赛方法的共性特征、本质联系及内在规律,本研究运用文献资料法、访问调查法和逻辑分析法,提出了运动竞赛方法的完整体系及研究构想。     

Bowling ball dynamics revealed by miniature wireless MEMS inertial measurement unit

This paper presents a novel sensor technology to deduce the dynamics of a bowling ball. The sensor, a miniature wireless inertial measurement unit (IMU), incorporates MEMS accelerometers and angular rate gyros, a microcontroller, a low power RF transceiver, and a rechargeable battery. When embedded in a bowling ball, the IMU transmits the acceleration and angular velocity data that define the dynamics of the ball starting with the bowler’s delivery and its motion in the lane. Example results from professional bowlers illustrate how this technology can be used to assess bowler skill and ball performance. For instance, the IMU accurately measures the spin dynamics of the ball which are crucial to develop the ball “hook.” An analysis of ball dynamics in the lane is distilled to a measurable “hook potential” metric for further assessing bowler skill. Finally, the sensor presented herein is believed to be the world’s smallest, wireless IMU. This highly miniaturized and wireless design will enable parallel training systems for many sports, including basketball, baseball, crew, cricket, golf, fly fishing, soccer, softball, tennis, rowing, among others.     

中小学体育现状和高校体育教育专业田径课程改革

采用访谈法和文献综述法,研究我国中小学体育现状和高校体育教育专业田径课的改革情况。认为基础教育体育的现状制约着体育教育专业田径课改革的方向,后者的实施须结合中小学体育实际情况,坚持从实际出发的思想;反过来,高校体育教育专业田径课改革也直接影响中小学体育(与健康)课的开展。并提出对新一代体育教师的要求,联系高校体育教育专业田径课的改革,具体分析改革的力度和方向。     

高校大学生课外体育活动教育管理模式的研究

课外体育活动是大学生除体育课外强身健体的主要手段,也是高校实施全民健身计划、树立终身体育观念的重要窗口。通过对高校大学生课外体育活动情况的调查,提出构建“立体式”教育管理模式,以此来吸引更多大学生参与其中,使课外体育活动开展得有声有色,达到预期目标。     

Cognitive behavioural strategies and anxiety in elite orienteers

The primary purpose of this exploratory field study was to examine the use of cognitive behavioural strategies by highly skilled orienteers prior to and during competition. A secondary purpose of the study was to investigate whether differences in the level of qualification in orienteering is related to state anxiety. The subjects were divided into three classes with respect to their international and national records. The first two classes (A and B) were composed of international and national level athletes. The third class (C) included orienteers with unknown international records. Examination of the use of behavioural cognitive strategies during competition indicated that all orienteers reported a moderate use of mental imagery, above moderate use of inner talk and a focus of attention on present action rather than past or future. The other major findings were that prior to competition, superior orienteers reported use of higher self‐efficacy, more positive outcome expectations and more task demand orientation than their less successful counterparts. Top orienteers coped more successfully with pre‐competition anxiety by lowering their anxiety to a more moderate level prior to the actual performance.     

Dynamics of the martial arts high front kick

Fast unloaded movements (i.e. striking, throwing and kicking) are typically performed in a proximo‐distal sequence, where initially high proximal segments accelerate while distal segments lag behind, after which proximal segments decelerate while distal segments accelerate. The aims of this study were to examine whether proximal segment deceleration is performed actively by antagonist muscles or is a passive consequence of distal segment movement, and whether distal segment acceleration is enhanced by proximal segment deceleration. Seventeen skilled taekwon‐do practitioners were filmed using a high‐speed camera while performing a high front kick. During kicking, EMG recordings were obtained from five major lower extremity muscles. Based on the kinematic data, inverse dynamics computations were performed yielding muscle moments and motion‐dependent moments. The results indicated that thigh deceleration was caused by motion‐dependent moments arising from lower leg motion and not by active deceleration. This was supported by the EMG recordings. Lower leg acceleration was caused partly by a knee extensor muscle moment and partly by a motion‐dependent moment arising from thigh angular velocity. Thus, lower leg acceleration was not enhanced by thigh deceleration. On the contrary, thigh deceleration, although not desirable, is unavoidable because of lower leg acceleration.     

泰语教学中跨文化培养交际能力的探讨

就业市场对人才国际化的要求不断更新,提高学生的跨文化交际能力已成为人才培养的关键。泰语教学已不能停留在听、说、读、写等基本能力的培养上,应该更精辟地将文化教学导入到语言教学之中,用动态的平衡的眼光去看待语言和文化,使学生能够通过泰语了解泰国文化,同时能够使用泰语准确地表述中国文化才能更好地实现外语教学的意义。