Training of the Career Development Specialist Within Counselor Education

What is the responsibility of counselor education programs in more efficiently preparing students in the area of career guidance and development? This article attempts to explain one department's efforts in this important area. It explains the rationale, development, and implementation of a subspeciality, Career Development Specialist (CDS), in a counselor education program. Covered are areas such as historical/conceptual review of the CDS, competencies and courses, recruitment of students, and where graduates have located jobs. Finally, the implications for counselor education are discussed.     

Counselor Comfort,Counseling Climate,and Client Satisfaction: Client Ratings and Academic Improvement

This study examined client perceptions of counselor comfort, counseling climate, and client satisfaction as measured by the CEI relative to counselors described as high-effective or low-effective in terms of changes in client academic performance before and after group counseling. The results indicated that the client's perception of the comfort of the counselor in a group setting is significantly related to counselor effectiveness as measured by GPA change. The overall counseling climate and the client's estimate of his satisfaction were found not to be related to counselor effectiveness.     

Adult Education and State Policy in Latin America: The contrasting cases of Mexico and Nicaragua

This article examines adult education policy in two settings. The cases of Mexico and Nicaragua illustrate how the goals, content, methods, and outcomes of adult education differ according to state policy. Mexico (1970-1990) represents a "corporatist" state that undertook an incrementalist approach to literacy provision for purposes of political legitimation and social integration, while Nicaragua (1979-1990) represents a "revolutionary state" that pursued a structuralist approach to achieve fundamental changes in education and society. Despite their contrasting orientations, these two countries share many characteristics typical of dependent capitalist states in Latin America.     

THE COMPREHENSIVE MATHEMATICS INVENTORY: AN EXPERIMENTAL INSTRUMENT FOR ASSESSING YOUNGSTERS ENTERING SCHOOL

Described is an instrument designed to measure quantitative ideas of young children in the areas of money, vocabulary, number, geometry, pattern identification, measurement, and recall.     

SELECTION BIAS: MULTIPLE MEANINGS

The common approach to studies of predictive bias is analyzed within the context of a conceptual model in which predictors and criterion measures are viewed as fallible indicators of idealized qualifications. Selection on the basis of idealized qualifications depends on acceptance of a meritocratic principle, a principle which is itself subject to debate. Even with acceptance of this principle, however, it is shown that there will generally be a wide range of uncertainty as the result of the fallible nature of the indicators. Only when boundary conditions defined by Birnbaum (1979) are exceeded will the results be unambiguous. An example of such a case is presented. It is argued, however, that such instances are probably somewhat rare.     

The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire as a Predictor of Counselor Effectiveness

This study examined the usefulness of the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire in differentiating characteristics of counselors who were rated effective and ineffective. Eight of the factors achieved significance in distinguishing between these groups. Only two factors were found to differentiate male and female counselors (p < .10).