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The influence of racial socialization practices on the cognitive and behavioral competence of African American preschoolers 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The association between parent racial socialization and child competence was examined in a socioeconomically diverse sample of African American preschoolers living in an urban setting. Interviews were conducted in the homes of 200 families. Racial socialization was assessed by parent report as well as by observation of the sociocultural context of the home, and child outcomes were assessed using the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children and the Child Behavior Checklist. Results indicated that African American parents who provided homes that were rich in African American culture had preschool children who had greater amounts of factual knowledge and better developed problem-solving skills. African American parents who socialized their preschool children to be proud of their heritage reported fewer problem behaviors. 相似文献
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Joseph M. Currin Randolph D. Hubach André R. Durham Katherine E. Kavanaugh Zachary Vineyard Julie M. Croff 《Sex education》2017,17(6):667-681
The information shared in schools on sex education in the USA is highly variable depending on the state and sometimes city in which a student lives. Gay and bisexual students living in a socially conservative, primarily rural state such as Oklahoma often receive little information about sexual health information that pertains to their behaviours unless it is discussing the dangers of sex. Using a qualitative approach, 20 gay and bisexual men currently residing in Oklahoma completed semi-structured interviews about their experiences with sex education and alternate ways to compensate for lack of information provided. Participants noted an awareness of the lack of meaningful sex education or if it was offered, a primary focus on abstinence-only until marriage heteronormative curricula. Participants described various ways they compensated for lack of sex education including accessing pornography and information from the internet. With the current socio-political environment of Oklahoma, it is unlikely wholesale changes to the sex education curricula can be made. The importance of public health professionals using the internet and peer educators to deliver inclusive and informative sexual health information remains salient and viable for men who reside in socio-politically conservative areas like Oklahoma. 相似文献
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Randolph Delehanty 《Curator: The Museum Journal》2011,54(2):207-214
Abstract Stopping in on the National Archeological Museum of Naples, over several visits, an art historian experiences the ups and downs and the incomparable treasure hunt that delighted him in touring Italy for its art. 相似文献
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We trained 4 pigeons in a numerical bisection task to discriminate between pairs of keylight flashes with a ratio of 1∶3 (2
vs. 6, 4 vs. 12, and 8 vs. 24) that were presented in a sample phase. Responses to the blue key were reinforced after a sequence
of a larger number of flashes, and responses to the white key were reinforced after a sequence of a smaller number of flashes.
The intervals between flashes in the sample phase were randomized to attenuate the covariation of temporal cues with flash
number. Pigeons responded accurately in each of the discriminations, with typically 85%–90% correct responses. Transfer tests
showed that the proportion of large responses increased with number and performance generalized to larger values outside the training ranges. Psychometric functions
superposed when plotted on a relative scale, and estimates of Weber fractions were approximately constant, suggesting that
variability was scalar. However, contrary to previous research in nonhumans, bisection points were located at the arithmetic,
not geometric, mean. Hierarchical logistic regressions confirmed significant control over responding by number beyond that
attributable to temporal cues. These results show that pigeons are able to respond accurately in a relative numerosity discrimination
with successively presented visual stimuli, although the nature of the numerical representation and response rule remains
unclear. 相似文献
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Innovative Higher Education - We analyze innovation in university strategic plans to assess whether innovation is a stated priority, to what end innovation is sought, and whether innovation is a... 相似文献
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Johnson DJ Jaeger E Randolph SM Cauce AM Ward J;National Institute of Child Health Human Development Early Child Care Research Network 《Child development》2003,74(5):1227-1244
Evidence is presented of the different cultural and ecological contexts affecting early child care for families of color. It is argued that improvements on previous research require a fundamental shift in how race, ethnicity, and culture as psychological variables are examined. Furthermore, to avoid the pitfalls and failures of previous research, new research must incorporate expanded models of child care and development in childhood. The integrative model of development for children of color proposed by Garcia Coll et al. (1996) is presented as a basis for developing more specific ecological models relevant to addressing child care issues in ethnic minority families. Finally, priority areas for future research are recommended to stimulate and enable child care researchers to adopt a more inclusive view of child care and its effects. 相似文献
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Summary This paper describes one urban school system's attempt to become more manageable, responsive, and productive. We have tried to delineate how the seminars are modifying the system, and, in turn, being modified by the system.The Issues Seminar is an elusive item. In theory it allows decision makers to act proactively, to utilize data, and to operate in a synergetic mode. In practice it is an intervention which allows participants to exchange attitudes and perceptions, demands that bureaucrats be accountable, and fosters leader ship at all levels.The criterion for effectiveness of a structural intervention, such as the Seminars, should be the same as that for any educational innovation, practice, or policy-i.e., Does it facilitate student achievement? To that end, we must defer. Wedon't know. What wedo know is that (1) decision-makers do have access to data, atitudes, and perceptions from all levels, (2) members at all hierarchical levels are gaining an understanding of how the system works (and, of equal importance, how it doesn't work), (3) problems of minor importance yet great annoyance are being rectified, and (4) people are beginning to feel a psychic investment in the system. If those outcomes will ultimately have a positive, effect on the students, then the seminar will have been successful. We are optimistic.Roger H. Perry is Assistant Professor of Urban Administration and Policy-making at Washington University.Thomas R. Hoerr is a principal in the University City, Missouri School System.Doris W. Randolph is Coordinator of the St. Louis Public Schools Issues Seminars and a doctoral student in educational administration at Washington University. 相似文献