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981.
James Hall Pam Sammons Rebecca Smees Kathy Sylva Maria Evangelou Jenny Goff 《牛津教育评论》2019,45(3):367-389
UK Sure Start Children’s Centres (SSCCs) aim to lessen behavioural disorders yet we lack evidence concerning how this is achieved. This study evaluates one possible mechanism: improved home learning environments (HLEs). Data come from a longitudinal study of 2568 families and children recruited at a mean age of 14 months from 117 SSCCs in England in 2012. Behavioural disorders were measured at 38 months via the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. HLEs were measured at 14 and 38 months via parental interview. Families’ use of SSCCs was measured via parental interview at 14, 22, and 38 months. This study suggests that the use of SSCCs is associated with fewer preschool behavioural disorders via intermediate changes to the quality of HLE’s. Implications are discussed for social policies and for early years’ professionals. 相似文献
982.
Rebecca Bucci Jeremy Staff Jennifer L. Maggs Lorah D. Dorn 《Child development》2021,92(5):e1017-e1037
Using intergenerational, prospective data at ages 9 months, 7, 11, and 14 years from the nationally representative United Kingdom Millennium Cohort Study, this interdisciplinary study unpacks why 14-year-old adolescents with early perceived pubertal timing (PT) were more likely to drink alcohol (ever, frequent, and binge drinking) compared to those whose PT was on-time or late (5,757 girls, 5,799 boys; 80% White, 10% Asian, 3% Black, and 7% Other British). Parents allowed drinking among 22% (18%) of early PT girls (boys) compared to 11% of late PT adolescents; formal mediation models showed differences by PT in parent permissiveness and gains in alcohol-using friends primarily explained age 14 PT-drinking associations. Parental alcohol permissiveness should be a key prevention target for early PT adolescents. 相似文献
983.
Generational differences are seen as the cause of wide shifts in our ability to engage with technologies and the concept of the digital native has gained popularity in certain areas of policy and practice. This paper provides evidence, through the analysis of a nationally representative survey in the UK, that generation is only one of the predictors of advanced interaction with the Internet. Breadth of use, experience, gender and educational levels are also important, indeed in some cases more important than generational differences, in explaining the extent to which people can be defined as a digital native. The evidence provided suggests that it is possible for adults to become digital natives, especially in the area of learning, by acquiring skills and experience in interacting with information and communication technologies. This paper argues that we often erroneously presume a gap between educators and students and that if such a gap does exist, it is definitely possible to close it. 相似文献
984.
Rebecca A. Dore Steven J. Amendum Roberta Michnick Golinkoff Kathy Hirsh-Pasek 《Educational Psychology Review》2018,30(3):1067-1089
Theory of mind is the understanding that other people have mental states that drive their actions and that those mental states can be different from one’s own. Without understanding theory of mind and being able to take others’ perspectives, it could be difficult for children to read and understand narrative texts. This paper posits that children’s understanding of others’ minds may be a potential missing piece in current accounts of reading comprehension. Indeed, the typical progression of children’s theory of mind abilities across childhood is closely aligned with the development of narrative processing skills. Furthermore, emerging evidence shows that both narrative processing and theory of mind are predictive of children’s reading comprehension, both concurrently and longitudinally. We present a possible explanation for why such a link exists and propose a causal framework of this relation in which increased ToM leads to increased understanding of and inferencing about characters’ mental states. Understanding characters’ mental states then leads to better reading comprehension. The framework makes novel, testable predictions and provides directions for future research. 相似文献
985.
This case study explores student perceptions and experiences of advising at a New Zealand university. It considers the implications arising from the students’ responses and also investigates the influence of students’ demographic characteristics on perceptions of advice. Both first‐ (n = 191) and final‐ (n = 171) year cohorts of students were surveyed to determine why they chose particular courses, what advice they received and how aware they were of various support services. Although students were happy overall with the advice received, many had little or no expectations of the type of advice they should be receiving. The main sources of advice were the University enrolment pack, family and University School’s Liaison Officers. Academic advisers were less well used as a source of advice, even during later years of study. Advisers need to be educated about particular advising issues related to first‐generation students, part‐time students and international students. Many students had a career path in mind so it is important to provide holistic developmental academic advice that includes future career options. 相似文献
986.
Rebecca Shankland Christophe Genolini Lionel Riou França Julien-Daniel Guelfi Serban Ionescu 《Higher Education》2010,59(3):353-366
The present longitudinal study measured student adjustment to higher education, comparing 50 participants from alternative
schools (Steiner, Montessori, New Schools) with 80 students from the traditional school system. We hypothesized that students
from alternative schools adapt better, because of greater perceived social support, academic self-efficacy, and task-oriented
coping styles. Measures were taken during the last school year (baseline characteristics), and at the beginning of the first
and last terms of the first year in higher education. The quality of adjustment was assessed through academic results, and
physical and psychological well-being. The following instruments were used: the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory by Spielberger
(1983), the 13-items Depression Inventory by Beck et al. (1961), the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations by Endler and Parker (1990), and semi-directed interviews. Results show that students from alternative schools adjust better to higher education: they
report less anxiety and depression symptoms, and show greater life satisfaction and academic achievement. 相似文献
987.
[1]2009年7月22日穿越地球上人口最稠密地区的日全食或许会成为观看人数最多的日全食。在日全食进入中国前,印度中部、尼泊尔部分地区、孟加拉国、不丹和缅甸的人们会发现他们的白天变成了漆黑一片。 相似文献
988.
Delayed conditional discriminations in which a sample indicates which comparison stimulus is correct have typically been used
in working memory research with animals. Following acquisition with no (0-sec) delay between the offset of the sample and
the onset of the comparison stimuli, delays of variable duration are introduced. The resulting retention functions are taken
as a measure of memory. We suggest that, in addition to memory loss due to the delay, the comparison of matching accuracy
at the 0-sec training delay with relatively novel test delays may produce a generalization decrement that varies as a function
of increasing delay. We tested this hypothesis by training pigeons with a mixed delay procedure from the start and found that
the retention functions for these pigeons were significantly shallower than those for a control group trained with 0-sec delays
and tested with longer delays, and, although reduced in magnitude, the differences persisted for as many as 15 sessions. We
propose that a measure of animals’ working memory can be obtained uninfluenced by a generalization decrement if they have
received comparable training with all of the delays that are tested. 相似文献
989.
990.
Rebecca Raszewski 《Medical reference services quarterly》2013,32(2):149-172
This study examines libraries’ nursing collections using the Interagency Council on Information Resources in Nursing's Essential Nursing Resources’ (ENR) 26th edition. An inventory of the online collections of 235 libraries was assembled and compared to free, government, or National Library of Medicine resources and licensed resources from the ENR. The top five resources listed on library websites in descending order were MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. The availability of specialized resources varied, based on factors such as the level of nursing degree at each institution or the libraries’ National Network of Libraries of Medicine membership statuses. 相似文献