Examining Intermediate Omitted Levels in Hierarchical Designs via Latent Variable Modeling

This article outlines an interval estimation procedure that can be used in a 3-level setting to evaluate the proportion of outcome variance attributable to the second level of clustering. The method is useful for examining the necessity of including a possibly omitted intermediate level of nesting in analyses of data from a multilevel study, and represents an informative addendum to current statistical tests of second-level variance. The approach is developed within the framework of latent variable modeling and can be used as an aid in the process of choosing between 2-level and 3-level models in a hierarchical design. The discussed procedure is illustrated with an empirical example.     

Young Children’s Curiosity About Physical Differences Associated with Race: Shared Reading to Encourage Conversation

Many have called for re-examination of the “colorblind” philosophy to which some early educators have, tacitly or explicitly, adhered (e.g. Boutte et al. 2011; Derman-Sparks and Edwards 2010; Husband 2012). It has been argued that, while colorblind approaches may appear to be politically neutral, they actually exacerbate racial oppression. In this article, we advocate for a direct and active approach to raising conversations about race with younger preschool children. Based on the developmental nature of young children’s concepts of self and of other, our focus is on initiating discussions about concrete and observable physical aspects of human diversity associated with race. Young children notice and are curious about differences in skin color, hair texture, and facial features. Because these differences are salient, are accessible, and are of interest to young children they can serve as an effective starting point. We suggest shared reading of high quality illustrated children’s books, incorporating the principles of dialogic reading, as a potent springboard for discussions about race with very young children. Our purpose is to equip children, very early in their schooling, with a color-filled appreciation for and comfort with physical diversity of appearance. On that foundation, children may better proceed on the course of developing anti-racist attitudes.     

Instructing adolescents with learning disabilities: converting a meta-analysis to practice

A previous meta-analysis indicated that eight instructional factors--Questioning, Sequencing and Segmentation, Skill Modeling, Organization and Explicit Practice, Small-Group Setting, Indirect Teacher Activities (e.g., homework), Technology, and Scaffolding-captured the majority of successful intervention programs for adolescents with learning disabilities (LD). Most important was the Organization/Explicit factor, which contributed significant variance (16%) to effect size. This factor included two important instructional components: advance organization and explicit practice. In this article, we convert these findings into practical guidelines to direct instructional practice.     

拟伪补MS-代数的同余关系

一个拟伪补HS一代数是一个形如（2,2,1,1,O,0）的代数（L;∧,∨,°＊,0,1）．其中（L;∧,∨,°,0,1）是HS-代数,（L;∧,∨,°,0,1）是拟伪补格．并且运算x→x°和x→x＊可交换．本文主要刻画这类代数的同余特征以及L＊的结构．     

体育院校学生英语词汇学习方法探讨

词汇学习是英语学习的基础。体育院校学生普遍基础薄弱,听说能力较差,词汇量较小。文章通过观察学生在词汇习得中的各种误区,分析其原因,从教师和学生两个角度,提出解决方法。     

从翻译角度浅析公务员应当注意的跨文化交流问题

公务员作为我国社会的一个特殊群体,在跨文化交流中承载着重要的作用。语言翻译是一种技能、一种手段,该文通过这个视角对公务员在跨文化交流中应当注意的三大类问题(错误的语言表述立场,翻译"愚忠"于原文,中国特色表达方式处理不当)进行分析,并在应对策略方面做了相应的研究。     

The Manipulation of Power Discourse on Religious Translation Both in the West and in China

As a cross-lingual, cross-cultural, cross-time-and-space communication, religious translation has inevitably been stamped, from the very beginning, with the brand of ideology and has, more or less, been restrained by political factors there and then. The translated version, very often, cannot truly mirror the essence of the source text mainly because translation is manipulated by the power discourse in the target culture.     

从合作原则看情景喜剧《老友记》的幽默

合作原则是语用学中的重要内容,它由四个准则组成,是谈话者为保证交流顺畅遵循的基本原则。在日常生活中,人们有时会故意违反某项准则来产生会话含义。情景喜剧《老友记》便充分利用了违反合作原则所带来的幽默效果,使剧中人物的对话充满了喜剧因素。     

可持续性早期儿童发展政策的理念和实施——亚太地区国家早期儿童发展政策制定的进展

早期儿童发展政策是一个社会性政策,它通过政府的投入对有关早期儿童发展重要问题的解决提供指导,为儿童及其家庭提供服务。这一政策应具有社会、政治、经济和人力资源方面的可持续性。政策的组成部分包括理想与目标、活动、管理和财政。政策制定的过程强调多方人员的参与以及有据可依。亚太地区多个国家近年来在早期儿童发展政策的制定方面取得了很大的进展,但同时在政策的实施、管理和财政方面仍面临很大的挑战。     

应用型本科院校西方经济学教学探究

西方经济学课程具有基础性、复杂性、抽象性、动态性和逻辑严谨性特点。当前本科院校西方经济学教学中存在的一些问题：理论教学和实践教学背离;内容教学和思想培育相背离;本学科教学和相关学科教学相背离等。根据其课程特点和实践教学的状况对西方经济学教学提出一些针对性建议。