网络语言的是与非

网络的普及催生了一种新的语言模式,即网络语言。网络语言即时地反映了人们的社会心理和文化心理,然而在网络中言论的极大自由导致了网络用语鱼龙混杂,雅俗共存,本文试图从文化与社会的关系角度出发,谈谈网络语言的＂是与非＂。     

From activity to gestures and scientific language

Abstract: Gestures may provide the long sought‐for bridge between science laboratory experiences and scientific discourse about abstract entities. In this article, we present our results of analyzing students' gestures and scientific discourse by supporting three assertions about the relationship between laboratory experiences, gestures, and scientific discourse: (1) gestures arise from the experiences in the phenomenal world, most frequently express scientific content before students master discourse, and allow students to construct complex explanations by lowering the cognitive load; (2) gestures provide a medium on which the development of scientific discourse can piggyback; and (3) gestures provide the material that “glues” layers of perceptually accessible entities and abstract concepts. Our work has important implications for laboratory experiments which students should attempt to explain while still in the lab rather than afterwards and away from the materials. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 38: 103–136, 2001     

Globalization and the freedom of knowledge

This article considers the transmission of knowledge in higher education. It takes the metaphor of the music industry that pre‐selects the music people can buy. The sales potential is the leading principle in the selection process. Often the small producer is excluded because his or her music is not of commercial interest. The end‐customer does not know what he or she is missing because he or she has never heard the music. It is to be feared that a similar market principle will also influence the selection of knowledge and affect the capacity of higher education institutions to freely generate and transmit new knowledge. The globalization of higher education risks homogenizing the cultural traditions of the non‐Western world through a process of Western cultural domination. On the other hand, the Internet, via open source software like LINUX, might serve to democratize higher education and allow greater grassroots input.     

建筑智能化省级实验教学示范中心的建设与实践

高等院校实验教学示范中心建设是教育部质量工程的重要内容之一.结合江苏省省级建筑智能化实验教学示范中心建设的体会,介绍了建筑智能化实验教学示范中心实践教学体系建设、实验教学改革、实验中心的特色建设及发挥实验中心辐射和示范作用等方面的成效与经验.     

Academic socialization,parental educational expectations,and academic self‐efficacy among Latino adolescents

This study examined the direct association between parental educational expectations and adolescents’ academic self‐efficacy, as well as the moderating influence of parental academic socialization messages. Participants were 148 Latino parent–adolescent dyads with the majority of Mexican origin (80.4%). Most of the parent participants were mothers (85.8%). Adolescents were 13 (46%) or 14 (54%) years of age, and 53% identified as female. Adolescents reported their academic self‐efficacy and perceptions of their parents’ educational expectations; parents reported on their academic socialization messages of shame/pressure and effort regarding academics. The results suggest that, after accounting for parents’ level of education and immigrant status, parental educational expectations were positively associated with adolescent academic self‐efficacy. This association was stronger among adolescents whose parents reported transmitting fewer messages of shame/pressure and academic effort. These results point to the importance of nuances in the content and type of academic socialization messages within Latino families.     

浙江大学现代远程教育的实践与思考

本文介绍了浙江大学开展现代远程教育试点的情况，介绍了浙江大学现代远程教育办学过程中的若干做法和体会，并探讨了实践过程中的几个突出问题。     

浅谈军队工科院校研究生的素质教育

素质教育是目前教育学界讨论的热点，作者以加强军队工科院校研究生素质教育为出发点，阐述了军队工科院校研究生所应具备的合格的政治素质，精湛的业务素质，良好的文化素质，出色的军事素质，健康的身心素质的内涵，并对如何加强军队工作院校研究生素质教育进行了探讨。     

写作主体的思维进程及其调适

写作主体的思维进程在传统理论作用下形成的思维僵化，是当前写作学和写作教学面临的一个难题，随着现代写作学观念的确立，写作主体自我意识的萌芽，写作主体的思维进程具有了开放性和科学性，但这种思维活动必须在普通写作与专业写作、工具写作和自我写作以及主体思维品质方面进行整合和调适。     

Community College Counseling: Why Are Research Outcomes So Elusive?

This article focuses on counseling research in the community college context. The article suggests the need for a robust community college knowledge base, describes some limitations of the current community college literature, and suggests a framework for more effective work in this area. The authors’ own experiences and selected examples of published studies are used as illustrations of the hurdles encountered and solutions available when examining counseling theories, practices, and outcomes in 2‐year settings.     

The Metamorphosis of Industrial Designers from Novices to Experts

Professional training for designers is crucial in the field of design studies. The characteristics of novices versus those of expert designers have been identified in the literature; however, studies exploring the issue of professional training processes in the actual workplace are not well developed. Our study addresses the topic by using qualitative research methods along with flexible design. Collected data from the interviewees with different work experience were analysed by open, axial and selective coding. Herein, we argue that the processes by which a designer transforms from a novice into an expert in the industry are constructed through the interaction of several complicated factors. The re‐learning inherent in design professions is implemented through knowledge transfer gained from participation in design projects, particularly regarding tacit knowledge. Also, the novice's process of learning and training yields the characteristics and skills that companies and firms require of designers; this process involves a series of disciplinary sub‐processes, from destructive to reconstructive, implemented by employers. In these sub‐processes, the subjectivity of designers is neglected, leading to the suppression of imaginative expression and feelings of alienation among these workers.