Understanding divergent domestication traits from the whole-genome sequencing of swamp- and river-buffalo populations

Domesticated buffaloes have been integral to rice-paddy agro-ecosystems for millennia, yet relatively little is known about the buffalo genomics. Here, we sequenced and assembled reference genomes for both swamp and river buffaloes and we re-sequenced 230 individuals (132 swamp buffaloes and 98 river buffaloes) sampled from across Asia and Europe. Beyond the many actionable insights that our study revealed about the domestication, basic physiology and breeding of buffalo, we made the striking discovery that the divergent domestication traits between swamp and river buffaloes can be explained with recent selections of genes on social behavior, digestion metabolism, strengths and milk production.     

Gabor传递函数相似性测度图像质量评价算法

数字图像在压缩和融合等处理中会产生退化效应,当前对图像退化中质量评价指标如均方误差(MSE),峰值信噪比(PSNR)等不能有效反映图像在退化过程中传递性能,而只是单纯计算图像之间灰度值差异,对图像质量评价不准。提出一种利用Gabor传递函数相似性测度为评价指标的图像质量评价算法,采用图像的亮度、对比度和结构相似度为场景结构基准特征,设计Gabor传递函数。通过双正交滤波器得到Gabor传递函数相似性测度,该指标能有效反映图像退化演变过程中的传递性能,合理评价参考图像和失真图像质量。仿真实验表明,利用Gabor传递函数相似性测度指标评价图像质量,能准确反映图像失真等级,在几乎所有失真类型上都能有较满意的结果,评价结果比较稳定。     

Leveraging social grouping for trust building in foreign electronic commerce firms: An exploratory study

Internet development has fueled e-commerce firms’ globalization efforts, but many have met with only limited success. This often stems from the foreign firms’ limited understanding of a focal country's local culture and idiosyncrasies. Foreign firms are usually viewed as out-group entities, which lowers consumers’ trust in them. The extent of such a phenomenon varies. In locations where people are more skeptical of out-groups, a critical question is whether it is possible to transform such foreign out-group firms into in-groups, specifically with the support of popular social networking media. Based on Social Identity Theory and Trust Transference Process, five strategies leveraging social grouping and social ties to build trust for foreign electronic commerce firms were proposed. A survey was conducted to examine their effectiveness. The results suggest that social-grouping strategies are useful for in-grouping foreign out-group entities to build trust, and the effectiveness of strategies is determined by the social similarity and psychological distance between the consumer and the endorser. This has important implications for scholars and practitioners, both local and abroad, to leverage social grouping to boost Internet sales.     

基于过程分析的科技成果转化激励机制研究

科技成果转化问题,是影响一个国家和地区科技发展的关键因素。提高科技成果转化效率,越来越成为创新型城市建设中亟待解决的问题。而在科技成果转化的过程中,不同的激励因素发挥作用的程度不同,本文将科技成果转化过程分成3个阶段,根据不同阶段的社会经济活动特点、风险性种类及大小、所需资源情况,针对性地制定出不同阶段的具体激励机制,因而对科技成果转化的激励机制研究具有理论与实际的指导意义。     

埃及女王与中国女皇主要家庭成员比较研究——哈特谢普苏特与武则天

第十八王朝国王哈特谢普苏特,是古埃及历史上第一位女法老[1];武周王朝皇帝武则天,则是中国历史上唯一一位女皇帝。她们的生平经历有着惊人的相似,不仅如此,就连她们的公公、丈夫、儿女等主要家庭成员都似乎因为与她们命运相系而有着极为相似的生平经历,本文将探寻其中的相似性并加以比较。     

Fuzzy sliding mode control design for a class of disturbed systems

This paper discusses the problem of the fuzzy sliding mode control for a class of disturbed systems. First, a fuzzy auxiliary controller is constructed based on a feedback signal not only to estimate the unknown control term, but also participates in the sliding mode control due to the fuzzy rule employed. Then, we extend our theory into the cases, where some kind of system information can not be obtained, for better use of our theoretical results in real engineering. Finally, some typical numerical examples are included to demonstrate the effectiveness and advantage of the designed sliding mode controller.     

“上海人民公社”诞生始末

在10年“文革”史上，“上海人民公社”是一个短命的临时权力机构，仪仅存活了18天。笔者专题收藏了一些与“上海人民公社”相关的纪念章、老报刊、美术摄影作品、文献资料等，从中可以窥见这个“文革”怪胎的只鳞片爪。     

"双诱式"数学解题教学模式探析

“双诱式”数学解题教学模式,克服了传统的填鸭式教学,变教为诱,变学为思,以诱达思,促使学生主动探究、解决问题,从而使分析、解决问题能力得到提高。     

美国华盛顿大学研究生培养对交通运输工程学科的借鉴

对美国华盛顿大学研究生培养的特色进行了总结和介绍,按照“如何做研究-研究选题-研究方法-成果展示”四个步骤进行了详细阐述。为提高交通运输工程学科研究生的培养质量,从引入《Transportation Seminar》、学科交叉培养、出国交流、课程设置和面对面讨论5个方面进行了具体讨论,以期为交通运输工程学科研究生培养提供借鉴和参考。     

也谈“et al”应用之规范

通过对国内外186种科技期刊目次页和参考文献中"et al"编辑规范问题进行调查研究后发现,国内科技期刊"etal"的编排格式较之国外科技期刊更为混乱.针对该问题进行了分析,并对其规范化问题提出建议.