Impact of combining data from multiple instruments on performance of patient-based real-time quality control

IntroductionIt is unclear what is the best strategy for applying patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) algorithm in the presence of multiple instruments. This simulation study compared the error detection capability of applying PBRTQC algorithms for instruments individually and in combination using serum sodium as an example.Materials and methodsFour sets of random serum sodium measurements were generated with differing means and standard deviations to represent four simulated instruments. Moving median with winsorization was selected as the PBRTQC algorithm. The PBRTQC parameters (block size and control limits) were optimized and applied to the four simulated laboratory data sets individually and in combination.ResultsWhen the PBRTQC algorithm were individually optimized and applied to the data of the individual simulated instruments, it was able to detect bias several folds faster than when they were combined. Similarly, the individually applied algorithms had perfect error detection rates across different magnitudes of bias, whereas the error detection rates of the algorithm applied on the combined data missed smaller biases. The performance of the individually applied PBRTQC algorithm performed more consistently among the simulated instruments compared to when the data were combined.DiscussionWhile combining data from different instruments can increase the data stream and hence, increase the speed of error detection, it may widen the control limits and compromising the probability of error detection. The presence of multiple instruments in the data stream may dilute the effect of the error when it only affects a selected instrument.     

Executive functioning and word reading in Hong Kong Chinese children: A 1-year longitudinal perspective

This study examined the bidirectionality between kindergarten children's executive functioning (EF) and word reading across two time points. Participants were 523 Hong Kong Chinese-speaking children (mean age at Time 2 = 64.59 months; 52.9% male) and their parents. At Time 1, children were administered the measures of EF skills: inhibitory control, attention shifting, working memory and Chinese word reading. They were reassessed with these measures at Time 2 one year later. Results from the cross-lagged panel model revealed that, controlling for child age, gender and parental education levels, children's word reading at Time 1 was significantly predictive of their working memory at Time 2, but that the three EF skills at Time 1 were not predictive of word reading at Time 2. These findings underscored the role of early word reading in promoting children's working memory.     

构建适应危机管理的图书馆组织文化

组织文化和危机管理是图书馆界研究的热点。文章论述了图书馆组织文化和图书馆危机管理的内涵、研究内容,并对两种理论进行了比较。认为二者可以结合起来,共同发挥作用,提出构建具有危机管理能力的图书馆组织文化,从精神层、制度层、物质层提出了一些将图书馆危机管理思想融入图书馆组织文化的途径和策略。     

关于微分中值定理的一个逆命题的论证

出了微分中值定理的一个逆命题,并利用函数y=sinx进行了验证。关键词:中值定理;逆命题;连续函数给出了微分中值定理的一个逆命题,并利用函数y=sinx进行了验证。     

当代课程知识观的演进与社会控制

知识与社会控制是教育社会学研究的热点,而它们的结合点表现为课程领域的演进。笔者通过介绍当代主要课程知识观理论以及它们的新变化,分别从三个维度:课程类型、隐蔽课程和道德课程来分析课程与社会控制之间关系的新发展,并认为前者的新变化导致社会控制手段的隐蔽化和柔性化,而社会控制的变化又反作用于课程本身,使其出现课程类型由“集成型”向“综合型”课程转变、隐蔽课程的社会控制功能逐渐加强以及强控制道德课程向软控制道德课程转化的趋势。     

谈“简直”与夸张

学界大多认为“简直”表夸张语气,也有学者认为“简直”并不表夸张语气,而是表确认语气。其实“简直”不仅仅是表示夸张语气,可以说所有的“简直”句都运用了夸张的修辞手法。只不过与比喻、拟人、双关、仿词等结合使用的“简直”句,夸张手法的运用较为明显,是高度夸张;不与其它修辞手法配合使用的“简直”句表达的是心理的真实感受,其用法已经凝固化,因此夸张手法没有得到凸显,`这样的“简直”句也使用了轻度夸张的修辞手法。     

河北省坝上地区自然生态环境与可持续发展问题探讨

河北省坝上地区本是一片优质牧场 ,由于气候干旱、人口增长以及人类对土地的不合理开发利用等原因 ,导致该地区生态环境恶化 :土壤沙化、土壤肥力减退及草场退化等 ,制约着经济的可持续发展。因此 ,必须采取措施控制生态环境进一步恶化     

桥式起重机钢丝绳系统的模态分析

运用有限元分析软件ANSYS对起重机钢丝绳滑轮组进行模态分析，计算出钢丝绳系统各阶固有频率和振型，实现了对钢丝绳系统动态刚性的校核。     

社会化阅读中的角色——基于大学生微信阅读的个案研究

[目的/意义]作为一种集体的阅读方式,社会化阅读存在着不同的角色,这些角色反映了读者之间的行为差异,影响着阅读过程中知识的交流。从社会网络的视角识别读者的角色分类及其不同作用,有助于了解社会化阅读共同体中的知识传播模式,提高阅读资源的交流和知识传播的效率以及社会化阅读的成效。[方法/过程]基于整体社会网的视角,针对一个大学本科二年级的班级进行个案研究,以问卷的方式收集该班级全体成员微信朋友圈中阅读与交流的数据,基于块模型以及结沟洞理论,剖析读者之间的角色差异。[结果/结论]在社会化阅读过程中,不同角色在连接不同子群及信息传递方面存在差异,对阅读网络的产生和发展有着不同的影响。在社会化阅读群体中,需要厘清群体的角色分类,提高不同角色的读者在阅读共同体中的参与度,建立更为稳定的社会化阅读共同体,促进阅读交互的有效进行和整个群体的知识交流。     

众筹出版网页营销驱动因素与筹资效率关系的实证研究

实证探究众筹出版项目的网页营销驱动因素与筹资效率间的关系.研究结果表明:在各个营销驱动因素中,众筹出版项目的发起人质量信号显著影响筹资效率;项目社群互动质量与筹资效率呈显著的正相关关系;出版项目的价格信号中,目标金额显著影响筹资效率,并与筹资效率呈倒U型关系.