对高等教育发展中"以人为本"问题的探讨

在高等教育发展中"以人为本"既是一种指导思想和教育观念,又是一种发展策略,既是教育目的的定位,又是教育事业发展的经验总结;是教育精神和尊师重教传统的弘扬,是构建和谐社会的要求,是以育人为本、以教育人为本、以所有人为本三个层次的统一.     

中职学校培养幼儿园教师应成为历史

教师教育大学化、幼儿园教师专业化是大势所趋,而教师教育的专业化又要求教师教育机构需要具备相应的专业资质,可是大多数中职学校的幼师专业并不具备这种办学资质,因此中职学校培养幼儿园教师应逐渐成为历史。中职幼师专业可以选择与高校相关专业联合办学,也可以考虑向邻近方向调整培养目标。     

A typology of undergraduate students' conceptions of size and scale: Identifying and characterizing conceptual variation

The importance of “size and scale” in nanoscience and engineering has been recognized by both scientists and science educators. A solid understanding of this concept is key to the learning of nanoscience. Students, however, have been reported to have considerable difficulty grasping this concept; yet little is known regarding their state of understanding. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a series of studies that were aimed at exploring the different ways students conceive of “size and scale” in the context of undergraduate nanoscience and engineering courses. Informed by Variation Theory of Learning (Marton and Booth, 1997), we identified four major categories (with two sub‐categories within each) of student conception—fragmented, linear, proportional, and logarithmic. These conception categories, together with the aspects of variation that characterize and distinguish them, are summarized in a typology. In addition to serving as a diagnostic tool to describe students' understanding, this typology can also be used to guide the development of instructional interventions that facilitate students to move toward a more sophisticated understanding of “size and scale.” © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Inc. J Res Sci Teach 48: 512–533, 2011     

Roles of position, stress, and proficiency in L2 children’s spelling: A developmental perspective

This study investigated the roles of phoneme position, stress, and proficiency in L2 spelling development by Taiwanese students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL), an alphabetic writing system typologically different from the learners’ L1 logographic system. Structured nonword spelling tests were administered to EFL sixth-graders with lower and higher English proficiency level. The results showed that overall, final phonemes were spelled more poorly than their initial and medial counterparts; however, phoneme position effect decreased as learners’ English proficiency improved. Secondly, spelling of the stressed syllable was significantly better than that of the unstressed syllable. However, when phonemes were held constant, stress effect was significant only in the first, but not in the second syllable. Thirdly, higher proficient EFL children spelled significantly better than their lower proficient counterparts, and spelling errors were more systematic in the former. The findings of the study are discussed from linguistic, psychological, and developmental perspectives.     

浅析包公“黑脸”的由来

本文从民间信仰、文化传播及象征人类学的不同角度,尝试解读包拯的"黑脸"形象的源起和由来。     

论当代全球化的外交意义

全球化是客观的、多维的历史发展进程,是同一化与多样化的统一。当代全球化对外交的影响是巨大的,它推动了外交主体、外交议题、外交方式的变革。     

Pressure from the lips and the tongue in children with class Ⅲ malocclusion

Objective： To discuss possible relationships between class In malocclusion and perioral forces by measuring the pressure from the lips and the tongue of children with class nI malocclusion. Methods： Thirty-one children with class In malocclusion were investigated and their perioral forces were measured at rest and during swallowing under natural head position by a custom-made miniperioral force computer measuring system. Results： The resting pressures exerted on the labial side and palatine side of the upper lett incisor, as well as the labial side and lingual side of the lower lett incisor, were 0 g/cm^2, 0 g/cm^2, 0.57 g/cm^2 and 0.23 g/cm^2, respectively. Correspondingly, the swallowing forces were 2.87 g/cm^2, 5.97 g/cm^2, 4.09 g/cm^2 and 7.89 g/cm^2, respectively. No statistical difference between muscular pressure and gender existed. During swallowing, the lingual forces were significantly higher than the labial forces （P〈0.01）, however, at rest there was no significantly different force between these two sides. Compared to the normal occlusion patients, children with class Ⅲ malocclusion had lower pedoral forces. The upper labial resting forces （P〈0.01）, the lower labial resting forces （P〈0.05） and all the swallowing pressures from the lips and the tongue （P〈0.01） showed statistical differences between the two different occlusion conditions. Meanwhile, no significant difference was found for the resting pressure from the tongue between class Ⅲ malocclusion and normal occlusion. Conclusion： Patients with class Ⅲ malocclusion have lower perioral forces and this muscle hypofunction may be secondary to the spatial relations of the jaws. The findings support the spatial matrix hypothesis.     

筑牢档案工作"四个意识"做好高校档案服务利用工作

从筑牢档案工作"四个意识"(管理意识、服务意识、安全意识、宣传意识)入手,分析探讨了做好高校档案服务利用工作的具体路径选择,提出了高校档案管理部门通过维护档案信息完整与安全、开展档案宣传、提供优质高效的档案利用服务,实现高校档案服务利用管理水平的提升,档案管理、服务、安全、宣传四者相辅相成,互相促进,共同服务于学校"双一流"建设和改革发展实践。     

公共图书馆地方名人专藏推广实践与探索——以广州图书馆为例

地方名人专藏具有重要的科研价值、史料价值和社会教育功能,对图书馆发展特色化馆藏、开展主动服务、提升服务水平具有重要意义。以广州图书馆为个案,阐述名人专藏体系的现状与发展历程,梳理其依托专藏文献建设构建阅览空间的举措,分析归纳地方名人专藏推广的实践经验,以期为地方名人专藏阅读推广的深入开展、可持续发展提供参考与借鉴。     

航空涡轮喷气发动机整体技术现状及发展趋势简介

在介绍航空发动机发展历程的基础上,对航空发动机新技术水平、技术状况从整体上分析对比,并对第五代航空发动机的技术状态进行了展望。