小功率高频数字控制DC/DC 变换器设计

This paper models a low-power high-frequency digitally controlled synchronous rectifier （SR） OUCK converter. The converter is a hybrid system with three operation modes. Digital PID controler is used. Key problems such as quantization resolution of digital pulse-width modulation （DPWM） and steady-state limit cycles of digital control switching model power supply （SMPS） are discussed, with corresponding solutions presented. Simulation of a digital control synchronous buck is performed with a fixed-point algorithm. The results show that the described approach enables high-speed dynamic performance.     

‘Cracks’ in the scholarly communications system: Insights from a longitudinal international study of early career researchers

• 170 early career researchers interviewed three times over 2 years, have uniquely contributed towards a stress test of scholarly communications and cracks have been identified.
• The perfect storm created by the convergence of millennial values and the pandemic appears to have fast-forwarded the cracking process, perhaps, for the good.
• The cracks in question are: (1) peer review; (2) reputational assessment; (3) unethical/questionable practices; (4) collaboration; (5) networking.