Metaphysics for an enlightened public: The controversy over monads in Germany, 1746-1748

This essay analyzes the controversy that attended the prize essay question on monads proposed by the Berlin Academy of Sciences in 1746. The controversy was first touched off by an anonymous pamphlet published by the mathematician Leonhard Euler, the academy's most well known member, that attacked the doctrine of monads. It peaked with the awarding of the prize to Johann Heinrich Gottlob Justi, whose winning essay closely followed Euler's arguments. This essay discusses the controversy as one instance in a broader quarrel in the German academic community over the suitability of Christian Wolff's philosophy as the foundation for a broad range of academic disciplines, including natural philosophy. It also analyzes the controversy as displaying the central role of the periodical press in the emergent German public sphere.     

Rhetoric, power and legitimacy: a critical analysis of the public policy disputes surrounding stem cell research in Australia (2005-6)

In December 2006, the Australian Parliament liberalized regulation governing stem cell research. This decision and preceding legislative review generated considerable public debate, which centred on objections to the deliberate creation and destruction of human embryos for research purposes. This paper draws on qualitative research conducted on the public debate surrounding this policy episode. The aim of this research was to examine how science and scientific knowledge are mobilized by participants in these debates to support their arguments. Data were collected from 109 newspaper opinion editorials as well as 23 in-depth interviews and examined using qualitative content and thematic analysis. Results of this analysis depict science as a rhetorical, moral and political resource that provides opportunities for participants to gain legitimacy, negotiate meaning and assert authority in the public domain. The mobilization of science in public discourse is discussed along with suggestions that are aimed at encouraging greater transparency and inclusiveness in public debates around contested science and emergent technologies.     

我国城市社区与学校体育场地设施共享模式研究

分析中国城市社区与学校体育场地设施共享模式的运行机制经验、缺陷.中国城市社区与学校体育场地设施共享模式的构建与共享模式的运行机制存在着休戚相关的关系,要正确审视运行机制在我国城市社区与学校体育场地设施共享模式的作用.     

Evolutionary progress from Darwin to Dawkins

Is evolution 'progressive'? Biologists have been deeply divided in their answers to this question for over a century and a half. Darwin addressed the question in On the Origin of Species, prominent evolutionists debated the issue again in the middle decades of this century, and the issue has attracted renewed attention recently. Remarkably, the seeds of a solution to the problem may lie in Darwin's earliest private reflections on simplicity, complexity and the evolution of life.     

South African Deaf education and the Deaf community

In a special section of the american Annals of the Deaf, Deaf education and the Deaf community in South Africa are discussed. The special section is organized into 7 segments: a historical overview to establish context, the educational context, educators and learners, postgraduate education and employment, perspectives of Deaf children and their parents, sport and the arts, and spiritual lives and mental health. Throughout the entire section, however, the central focus is on the overall foundation (or lack thereof) of education for Deaf learners in South Africa.     

购物中的综合快乐指数

我们经常听到老百姓抱怨说吃的东西涨了。用的东西也涨了．为什么一方面老百姓都在喊物价飞涨,另一方面企业家却抱怨产品卖不出去,打折销售呢？ 这里给出一个名词叫做物价指数,也叫价格指数．什么叫物价指数？我国有上亿种商品,这些商品有的涨有的跌．我们就用一个物价指数来表示商品价格水平的总趋势．     

我们是光荣的升旗手

我们三个是亲兄弟,是光荣的升旗手。当我们牙牙学语的时候,爸爸告诉我们,我们是中国人,是龙的传人;当我们懂事的时候,爷爷告诉我们,我们的祖国是一个拥有960万平方公里的大国;当我们读书时,老师告诉我们,国旗、国徽、国歌是祖国的神圣象征。     

将思维教育融入到幼儿园音乐活动中

音乐活动可以使幼儿体验快乐,陶冶情操,可以说,音乐是和人的生命关系最为密切的一种艺术形式。音乐活动是幼儿园教育体系中重要的组成部分,同时也是教师和孩子们最喜爱的活动之一。然而,音乐中最重要的乐音又是看不见、摸不着的,其高低与时值的长短、音乐的开始和结束、     

数学课堂教学情境创设的误区与思考

《数学课程标准》明确指出“让学生在生动的现实情境中体验和理解数学”,在数学教学中,通过情境的创设,让学生在生活中学习数学,让学生用自己掌握的数学知识去解决生活中的实际问题,从而将生活与数学有机的结合起来,已越来越被广大教师所重视,并在数学课堂教学效果中起着积极的作用．