运动员最佳竞技状态的形成

在运动训练过程中合理运用周期性原理，可使整个训练和比赛工作成为一个系统工程，运动员得到最佳的发展，训练过程的每一个环节都具可操作性。运用周期性原理时必须考虑训练内容、训练时间与运动员体力的合理分配，注意按照身体素质发展与保持的规律安排训练，并注意合理安排训练和比赛。     

浅谈中小学体育教学管理

学校体育的中心环节是教学,体育教学管理在学校体育中占有重要位置。本文提出了中小学体育教学管理的方法,并就加强中小学体育教学管理提出几点建议。     

美国传统黑人院校远程教育面临的挑战及其启示

在美国,由于电脑的普及和网络技术的飞速进步,现代远程教育正显示出迅猛的发展势头。但对有特殊使命的美国历史上的黑人院校来说,它的发展面临资金、技术、规模、教师、学生、课程及其市场等方面的局限和文化差异带来的巨大挑战。为此,可以借鉴历史上黑人院校的经验教训,结合我国少数民族地区实际情况来解决民族院校发展远程教育面临的问题。     

语言实验室的类型、功能及在教学中的使用

语言实验室是语言现代化教学的必要设备 ,在语言教学中应用广泛。语言实验室分为四种类型 ;湖南长沙 90 3 0多媒体语言实验室具有较多功能 ,在语言教学中具有较广泛的应用     

Developing Curriculum Leadership in Schools: Hong Kong perspectives

This study is designed to investigate the impact of school‐based curriculum development teams on teacher development within the tradition of school‐based curriculum development in a primary school in Hong Kong. Teacher interviews were used to evaluate the extent that teacher engagement in curriculum decision‐making processes within two school‐based curriculum development teams has led to teacher professional development which were triangulated with the videotaped meetings and tryout lessons. Qualitative evidence has revealed positively that participating teachers have developed themselves professionally through the process of planning, experimenting and reflecting (PER model) upon curriculum practice and innovation under certain conditions. However, the complexity of the structures and processes that were established for involving teachers in curriculum decision‐making processes needs further empirical and theoretical work. This paper only looks at data relating to teacher development in curriculum leadership collected in the second action cycle of the project from January to June 2005.     

Protective mechanisms of hypaconitine and glycyrrhetinic acid compatibility in oxygen and glucose deprivation injury

This study investigated the protective effect of the compatibility of hypaconitine (HA) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) on H9c2 cells under oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced injury, and the possible mechanisms. We found that HA+GA significantly improved pathology and morphology of the nucleus and ultrastructure of H9c2 cells under OGD as determined by Hoechst 33342 staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) tests. It also reduced the releases of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-myocardial band isoenzyme (CK-MB), and aspartate transaminase (AST) from the cultured supernatant of H9c2 cells, which were tested by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) kits. In addition, it lessened the apoptotic rate as determined by a fluorescein isothiocyanate-annexin V/propidium iodide (FITC-AV/PI) double staining assay. It was also found that HA+GA might regulate the protein expression associated with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. Overall, the study demonstrated that HA+GA protected H9c2 cells against OGD-induced injury, and the signaling mechanism might be related to the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.     

Developing pedagogical practices in Myanmar primary schools: possibilities and constraints

This paper presents the findings of a baseline study of pedagogic practices used by Myanmar primary teachers in the teaching of mathematics and Myanmar language at Grades 3 and 5. The main purpose of the baseline study was to inform the design of teacher education programmes and allow for subsequent evaluations of interventions designed to improve the quality of primary education. It found that the majority of observed lessons (n = 728) used a transmission model of teaching in which the teacher often used a chalkboard and/or textbook to transmit recipe knowledge for recall and there was little variation across the teaching of mathematics and Myanmar language at Grades 3 and 5. Drawing on evidence from the baseline, the paper explores the training needs of primary teachers in Myanmar in the light of proposed reforms to teacher education at the pre- and in-service stages.     

动态分层次教学的实践与思考

分层次教学是以学生为本、因材施教的需要,也是目前中等职业教育发展的迫切要求.我们认为,分层次教学应该有一个整体的思路,形成一个从学生入学到毕业的动态模式.这种模式的着眼点在于:一年级的分层次教学主要着眼于学生学习能力的差异,二年级的分层次教学主要着眼于学生职业兴趣的差异,三年级的分层次教学主要着眼于学生目标指向的差异.从而为处于不同阶段的学生创设一种适合他们学习的条件和环境.     

幽默话语分析:谈对合作原则的违反

根据格赖斯的会话含意理论，当言语交际一方故意违反合作原则时，听话人会结合当时的语境去推断说话人违反合作原则的隐含意义，即“会话含意”。本试图从这一角度入手，分析英汉语言中的幽默话语，从而帮助读更好地理解和欣赏幽默艺术。