Mitochondrial dysfunction at the early stage of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats

The present study was undertaken to clarify the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure at the early stage. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given an intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg cisplatin. 0.9% saline was infused into them at a rate of 2 ml/h for 3 h, starting with a 2-ml bolus injection before cisplatin administration. 3 h following cisplatin administration, no evident morphological abnormalities were found by both light and electron microscopy; there were also no significant changes in GFR. Thirty min after cisplatin injection, urine sodium and potassium excretion increased by 56% and 260% those of the control animals, respectively. Apparent renal mitochondrial respiration dysfunction was observed in cisplatintreated rats 3 h later; the state 4 respiration increased by 100% and state 3 respiration, respiratory control ratio and carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone-uncoupled respiration decreased by 46%, 74% and 47% of the controls, respectively. The present data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction may be a very early event in cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats.     

高校图书馆专业馆员职业能力的社会环境解析

探究社会环境新变化对高校图书馆专业馆员职业能力的影响。文章运用文献调查法、内容分析法、环境扫描法,对高校图书馆专业馆员职业能力的发展现状,及其所处社会环境的宏观层面与微观层面进行研究,指出高校图书馆专业馆员职业能力发展的未来趋势。     

高校班级文化的建设现状与路径选择

班级文化建设具备物质的、制度的和精神的三个层次。高校班级文化建设具有集体主义在班级空间的具体表征,是践行社会主义核心价值观的微观呈现,是落实立德树人根本任务的文化途径。但班级组织特质使班级文化建设缺乏内生动力,外在系统支持缺失使班级文化建设缺乏实践高地,辅导员认识不深使班级文化建设缺乏外在推力等,应以班级为中心,着力于班级文化的三个层次,构建高校班级文化建设的协同路径。     

A case study of using an online community of practice for teachers’ professional development at a secondary school in China

In this case study, an online community was designed at a secondary school in China for the teachers to prepare their lessons collectively, reflect on their teaching practices, collect comments from peers, and share resources. A survey was administered to the teachers to investigate their perceptions on the online community for their professional development. Two hundred and eighty-three teachers responded to the survey and eight teachers were further interviewed by email. The result showed that most teachers liked using the online community as they could gain subject knowledge and could obtain support from peers, share experiences and get feedback, and exchange resources. Also, online entries confirmed that transformational changes in teaching pedagogy and students’ learning activities occurred along the time. However, certain teachers did not participate in the online community frequently. This paper describes the context of the case study, design dimensions of the online community, teachers’ positive perceptions on using the online community, and transformational changes. Also, strategies for promoting effective use of the online community are discussed and follow-up studies to address the challenges involved in this study are proposed.     

中小型图书馆如何建设数字图书馆——从我馆谈起

从网络系统、图书馆管理集成系统、数字资源、馆员队伍4个方面论述中小型图书馆如何建设数字图书馆.     

AMINO ACIDS' PROTECTIVE EFFECTS ON EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE RENAL FAILURE

This study was carried out to elucidate the nephroprotective effects from a mixture of 8 L-amino acids and the possible mechanism of protection by this amino acid mixture. Acute renal failure model was induced by an intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg cisplatin to male Sprague-Dawley rats. A mixture of 8 L-amino acids or 0.9% saline was infused at a rate of 2 ml/h for 3 h, starting with a 2 ml bolus injection before cisplatin administration. Amino acids showed no acute effect on renal morphology. The infusion of a mixture of 8 L-amino acids increased GFR by 85% in control rats. The abnormalities of urine sodium and potassium excretion caused by cisplatin were markedly attenuated by the administration of the amino acid mixture. With the infusion of this amino acid mixture, cisplatin-induced abnormal state 4 respiration returned to control levels and the depressed state 3 respiration, respiratory control ratio and carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone-uncoupled respiration were ameliorated remarkably. A mixture of 8 L-amino acids showed marked nephroprotection against cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats and might function through augmentation of the cisplatin-injured renal mitochondrial electron transport-oxidative phosphorylation sequence, probably via stabilizing the membrane (including inner mitochondrial membrane) protein tertiary structure. In addition, this amino acid mixture remarkably increased GFR and decreased urine sodium excretion in rats.     

Exploring the characteristics of an optimal design of non-programming plugged learning for developing primary school students’ computational thinking in mathematics

Existing computational thinking (CT) research focuses on programming in K-12 education; however, there are challenges in introducing it into the formal disciplines. Therefore, we propose the introduction of non-programming plugged learning in mathematics to develop students’ CT. The research and teaching teams collaborated to develop an instructional design for primary school students. The participants were 112 third- and fourth-grade students (aged 9–10) who took part in three rounds of experiments. In this paper, we present an iterative problem-solving process in design-based implementation research, focusing on the implementation issues that lead to the design principles in the mathematics classroom. The computational tasks, environment, tools, and practices were iteratively improved over three rounds to incorporate CT effectively into mathematics. Results from the CT questionnaire demonstrated that the new program could significantly improve students’ CT abilities and compound thinking. The results of the post-test revealed that CT, including the sub-dimensions of decomposition, algorithmic thinking, and problem-solving improved threefold compared to the pre-test between the three rounds, indicating that strengthened CT design enhanced CT perceptions. Similarly, the students’ and teacher’ interviews confirmed their positive experiences with CT. Based on empirical research, we summarize design characteristics from computational tasks, computational environment and tools, and computational practices and propose design principles. We demonstrate the potential of non-programming plugged learning for developing primary school students’ CT in mathematics.

     

近6 年我国数字图书馆论文调查与分析

利用中国CN K I 数据库检索系统, 对我国1994- 2000 年数字图书馆论文进行认真的调查与分析。     

图书馆消减民众信息搜寻焦虑的实证分析

[目的/意义]从用户视角分析图书馆帮助民众有效消减信息搜寻焦虑的作用机理，自下而上地评估图书馆在信息社会化进程中为民众提供公共文化服务的实际成效。[方法/过程]通过对708位图书馆用户进行问卷调查，运用结构方程模型对个体特征、图书馆使用行为、图书馆使用体验和信息搜寻焦虑之间的相互作用机理进行实证检验。[结果/结论]个体的教育、经济差异通过中介变量对信息搜寻焦虑产生显著影响，表现为教育水平较低、经济收入较高的两组群体焦虑感更强；图书馆使用体验越好，越有助于消减用户日常信息搜寻活动中产生的焦虑感；图书馆使用行为对信息搜寻焦虑不存在显著影响，但对其子维度认知能力障碍与信息利用障碍存在间接的负向影响。     

电子书发展的瓶颈与前景

本文论述电子书发展的瓶颈与前景。