One thousand fifty-nine children with a chief complaint of sexual abuse

Sexual assault victims (1,059) under the age of 17 were evaluated over a period of 44 months in a teaching, metropolitan county emergency room. The cases were recorded and reviewed by use of a protocol. The children ranged in age from 3 months to 16 years of age. Most were female (89%). The average age for all children was 8.3 years. There was no mean age difference between male and female victims 12 and under. Victims were 1.58 times as likely to be black, 0.22 times as likely to be Latin, and 0.96 times as likely to be white than the general population. Perpetrators were strangers in 13.8% of cases and close family (incest) in 28.1% of cases. A major finding is that 58.1% of the perpetrators were known to the child but were not family members. These episodes were severe with penetration occurring in 754 (71%) of the assaults. Cultures were positive in 1.5% of all cases. The medical and social response to these children's needs is noted to be inadequate.     

Cartoon embellishments in informative presentations

What effect does the inclusion of cartoon embellishments have on printed and audiovisual presentations? College students read, listened to, or viewed a presentation about the library. Some presentations included cartoons. The results suggest that if comprehension is the only goal, the printed text without cartoons is just as effective as cartoons or audiovisual presentations. If enjoyment is a factor, cartoons or audiovisual presentations should be considered.     

Preventing radicalisation to extreme positions in children and young people. What does the literature tell us and should educational psychology respond?

Over the last five years the radicalisation of children and young people to extreme ideologies is fast developing as a new and important safeguarding issue for Local Authorities. Despite many high profile cases, there has yet to be a response from the educational psychology profession. This article seeks to explore the possible role for educational psychologists (EPs) in this area. This article sets out the findings of a recent literature review in which the authors propose Reactive Approach Motivation theory as a possible way in which EPs might formulate their understanding and response to this issue. Insights derived from the review are then discussed in light of the EP role in this new domain. Particular attention is paid to the PREVENT Agenda and some of the ethical considerations facing EPs seeking to undertake work in this area.     

Librarians Flip for Students: Teaching Searching Skills to Medical Students Using a Flipped Classroom Approach

This article describes the development of a flipped classroom instructional module designed by librarians to teach first- and second-year medical students how to search the literature and find evidence-based articles. The pre-class module consists of an online component that includes reading, videos, and exercises relating to a clinical case. The in-class sessions, designed to reinforce important concepts, include various interactive activities. The specifics of designing both components are included for other health sciences librarians interested in presenting similar instruction. Challenges encountered, particularly in the live sessions, are detailed, as are the results of evaluations submitted by the students, who largely enjoyed the online component. Future plans are contingent on solving technical problems encountered during the in-class sessions.     

Initial Experiences of Creating Multimedia Computer Simulations to Replace Pharmacology Practicals

The replacement of traditional practicals by CAL simulations was prompted by a combination of economic factors, a decreased level of technical support and the requirement for a large capital investment to replace old and broken equipment. In an economic climate which promised only further increases in the number of undergraduates and no assured commensurate increase in resources, CAL appeared to be a possible alternative (Brown et al , 1988). Our only previous attempt to produce our own CAL package had been written in Turbo Basic on a 286 PC. It had involved considerable time and effort and the results were not particularly realistic. The increase in computing power offered by the 486 series of PCs, availability of low cost sound and video capture expansion cards, and the emergence of authoring systems, such as Toolbook, Hypercard and Authorware , appeared to provide an opportunity to produce better simulations (Purcell, 1993; Hartley, 1993).