从认知风格视角再议写作过程理论

写作过程理论认为写作是一种过程,由多个阶段构成。但语言学习者的认知风格差异会极大地影响其在不同写作阶段的态度和行为。因此,各个写作阶段的应用并非一成不变,针对学习者的认知风格特点,因地制宜,因材施教,才能最大程度地发挥写作过程理论对英语写作教学的指导意义。     

财务管理教学方法的改革与思考——关于案例设计教学法的应用

财务管理是经济管理类专业学生的必修课程。如何更好地开展财务管理课程教学,提高学生的学习效果,使学生能适应现代企业财务管理的要求,是值得我们认真探讨的重要课题。笔者根据多年的教学经验,通过分析现阶段"案例教学法"在财务管理教学中的应用及其存在的不足,提出了关于"案例设计教学法"的一些设想。     

Concurrent and Separate Grade-Groups Linking Procedures for Vertical Scaling

Reading and Mathematics tests of multiple-choice items for grades Kindergarten through 9 were vertically scaled using the three-parameter logistic model and two different scaling procedures: concurrent and separate by grade groups. Item parameters were estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo methodology while fixing the grade 4 population abilities to have a standard normal distribution. For the separate grade-groups scaling, grade groupings were linked using the Stocking and Lord test characteristic curve procedure. Abilities were estimated using the maximum-likelihood method. In either content area, scatterplots of item difficulty, discrimination, and ability estimates from the two methods showed consistently strong linear relationships. However, as grade deviated from the base grade of four, the best-fit linear line through the pairs of item discriminations started to rotate away from the identity line. This indicated the discrimination estimates from the separate grade-groups procedure for extreme grades to be, on average, higher than those from the concurrent analysis. The study also observed some systematic change in score variability across grades. In general, the two vertical scaling approaches yielded similar results at more grades in Reading than in Mathematics.     

Exploring Prospective Teachers’ Worldviews and Conceptions of Nature of Science

This study explores the relationship, if any, between an individual’s culturally based worldviews and conceptions of nature of science. In addition, the implications of this relationship (or lack of relationship) for science teaching and learning are discussed. Participants were 54 Taiwanese prospective science teachers. Their conceptions of nature of science and their worldviews specific to humans’ relationship with the natural world were assessed using two open‐ended questionnaires in conjunction with follow‐up interviews. Their understandings of nature of science were classified into informed and naïve categories based upon contemporary views of these constructs and those stressed in international reform documents. An anthropocentric–naturecentric continuum emerged and is used to explain the participants’ views about humans’ relationship with Nature. Participants who recognized the limitations of scientific knowledge, and accept the idea that science involves subjective and cultural components, were more likely to emphasize harmony with Nature. In contrast, participants who possessed narrow views about the scientific enterprise and described science as close to technology and as of materialistic benefit tended to provide an anthropocentric perspective regarding the human–Nature relationships. The findings illustrate the interplay between participants’ sociocultural beliefs and conceptions of nature of science. Concisely, people with different worldviews may have concurrently different views about nature of science. The study suggests the need for incorporating sociocultural perspectives and nature of science in the science curriculum.     

若干个C3并的点可区别V-全染色

根据简单图的点可区别V-全染色的概念及其染色方法,讨论若干个阶为3的圈的顶点不交并的点可区别V-全染色,并给出其全色数及染色方案,为进一步探讨mCn的点可区别V-全染色提供了理论证据,丰富了图的点可区别V-全染色的结果.     

轿车摆臂设计载荷谱的确定

通过实测轿车摆臂试车场道路载荷谱,对摆臂目标测点载荷进行采集．在原有载荷谱统计分析原理的基础上,依据结构的低载强化特性,确定出了摆臂结构的八级载荷谱．为进一步计算不同效果载荷（强化、损伤、无效载荷）的概率、研究零件静强度和疲劳强度的增长规律、总结可靠性设计中的载荷利用方法提供一定理论基础．     

基于重要性和抑制性分析的问句特征组合(英文)

针对基于机器学习的问题分类中问句特征的组合,提出了一种基于重要性和抑制性分析(importanceinhibition analysis,IIA)的特征组合方法.该方法在组合问句特征时不仅考虑了单个特征本身的重要性,还考虑了待组合特征之间的抑制性.在中文问题集上的实验结果表明,IIA方法在所有的特征组合上都获得了平均精度和最高精度的提升,总体上比单纯基于重要性分析(importance analysis,IA)的特征组合方法要更加高效;同时,IIA方法还获得了与穷举式特征组合方法同样的最高精度,进一步提升了当前中文问题分类的性能.     

绝不重复父辈们的生活道路——路遥及其小说个人奋斗者的形象分析

通过对路遥的人生经历、创作成就及其小说中个人奋斗者形象的分析,指出青年们在接受路遥时,必须要有辩证的眼光。既要继承他小说中个人奋斗者的优秀品质,又要克服他们的缺陷,这样才更有利于自己成才。     

农村职业教育的课程思考——基于就业能力理论和社会需求特征分析的研究

农村职业教育在促进农村社会经济发展过程中发挥着重要作用。目前,我国农村社会经济的发展正处在转型期,农村社会经济结构的调整和农村劳动力的转移流动是其主要特征。在这一背景下,提高农村劳动人口就业能力成为社会发展的必然需求,也成为农村职业教育必须承担的责任。本研究基于对就业能力理论和社会需求特征的分析,从课程目标、课程内容、课程实施和课程评价等方面对农村职业教育课程提出了思考。     

中国十大城市群主要城市高等教育与区域经济协调综合评价研究——基于107个城市2000年和2010年的横截面数据

通过构建衡量指标体系,采用因子分析、相关分析、聚类分析和象限分析等研究方法,使用2000年和2010年横截面数据对我国十大城市群107个城市的高等教育与区域经济之间的协调度进行了实证研究.结果表明:“十五”和“十一五”期间,107个主要城市高等教育与区域经济的总体协调程度有所下降;各主要城市高等教育水平分布由高到低大体呈现出“省会城市→东部沿海城市→中西部内陆城市”的分布特征;经济发展水平分布由高到低大体呈现出“东部省会城市和直辖市→东部沿海城市→东部内陆城市→中部城市→西部城市”的分布特征;主要城市高等教育对区域经济发展的贡献是非常显著的,但贡献度随时间推移有所下降;城市之间经济发展差距逐步加大,且经济发展速度之间的差异整体上远大于高等教育发展速度之间的差异.从加大高等教育投入、明确城市发展定位、完善劳动力市场等方面提出了相应的政策建议.