Reliably Assessing Growth with Longitudinal Diagnostic Classification Models

Recent advances have enabled diagnostic classification models (DCMs) to accommodate longitudinal data. These longitudinal DCMs were developed to study how examinees change, or transition, between different attribute mastery statuses over time. This study examines using longitudinal DCMs as an approach to assessing growth and serves three purposes: (1) to define and evaluate two reliability measures to be used in the application of longitudinal DCMs; (2) through simulation, demonstrate that longitudinal DCM growth estimates have increased reliability compared to longitudinal item response theory models; and (3) through an empirical analysis, illustrate the practical and interpretive benefits of longitudinal DCMs. A discussion describes how longitudinal DCMs can be used as practical and reliable psychometric models when categorical and criterion‐referenced interpretations of growth are desired.     

Teachers’ epistemic cognition in situ: Evidence from classroom assessment

Assessment tasks require the coordination of multiple knowledge-related goals for various audiences, and therefore provide an authentic context to observe teachers’ epistemic cognition in practice. In this instrumental case study, we investigated seven, fifth grade English Language Arts teachers’ epistemic cognition as they evaluated students’ classroom assessments. Our analyses revealed that the components of epistemic cognition identified in the literature emerged in these teachers’ assessment processes. Moreover, we found evidence that teachers’ epistemic cognition was iterative and nuanced, and required shifts in aims and reliable processes. This resulted in teachers forming new kinds of “epistemic matters” and questions beyond those ideas noted in existing models of epistemic cognition. Significance and implications are discussed.     

Dissection in the Modern Medical Curriculum: An Exploration into Student Perception and Adaptions for the Future

For centuries cadaveric dissection has been a cornerstone of medical anatomy education. However, time and financial limitations in modern, compressed medical curricula, coupled with the abundance of alternate modalities, have raised questions about the role of dissection. This study was designed to explore student perceptions of the efficacy of a dissection program for learning musculoskeletal anatomy, and possible adaptations for appropriate inclusion of dissection in the modern medical curricula. A paper-based questionnaire was used to collect data from 174 medical students after completion of cadaveric dissections. Data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Students strongly believed that cadaver-based learning is essential to anatomy education and modern teaching modalities only complement this. Moreover, most students reported that dissection provided an additional, immersive learning experience that facilitated active learning and helped in developing manual competencies. Students with previous dissection experience or an interest in anatomy-related specialties were significantly more likely to attend dissection sessions. Students found that the procedural dissection components enhanced the knowledge of applied anatomy and is beneficial for the development of clinical skills. They welcomed the idea of implementing more procedure-based dissections alongside lectures and prosections-based practical (PBP) sessions. Cadaveric dissection plays an integral role in medical anatomy education. Time restraints and an increased focus on clinical significance, however, demand carefully considered adaptations of existing dissection protocols. The introduction of procedure-based dissection offers an innovative, highly engaging and clinically relevant package that would amalgamate skills essential to medical practice while retaining the benefits that have allowed dissection to stand the test of time.     

我国城市社区体育公共服务质量提升路径研究--基于社区体育场（馆）设施建设与管理视角

社区体育场（馆）设施作为城市社区体育公共服务供给的核心要素,其建设与管理水平直接影响到我国城市社区体育公共服务的质量。采用文献资料研究、专家访谈法和实地考察等研究方法,从社区体育场（馆）设施建设与管理资金投入的三维一体化模式创新;体育场（馆）设施空间结构布局的科学规划;体育场（馆）设施质量维护与安全管理的常效化机制建设等方面,分析论述了我国城市社区体育公共服务质量提升的路径。以期为完善城市社区体育公共服务体系及提高社区公众满意度提供有益参考。     

中外男子篮球组织后卫传球技术运用对比分析

运用录像观察法、数理统计法等,对伦敦奥运会的中外男篮主力组织后卫的传球技术运用进行比较分析。结果显示:中国组织后卫在传球方式上运用的次数与国外组织后卫有明显的差距;在传球状态上,移动传球次数和跳起传球次数上均落后于国外组织后卫,两者有一定的差距;在传球路线上,直线传球次数落后于国外组织后卫,两者存在较大差距;中国组织后卫在解围性传球次数、攻击性传球次数和助攻次数上均落后于国外组织后卫,但中国组织后卫传球失误较少。     

从2010年世界女排大奖赛单项技术统计分析中国女排的优势与差距

采用录像观察法、数理统计法、文献资料法、比较分析法,对2010年世界女排大奖赛总决赛中国队的比赛录像进行各项技术数据统计分析研究,结果表明：中国女排一传不稳,功力不扎实,网上实力薄弱,是本次世界女排大奖赛中中国女排失利的主要原因。     

运动员高原训练返回平原训练血象指标的变化观察

探讨运动员高原训练之后返回平原训练的血象指标变化规律。方法:取10名广西自由式摔跤男子运动员高原训练之后返回平原训练的不同时段(第3、14、28、35天),分别测试红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(HB)、红细胞压积(HCT)、白细胞(WBC)及分类、血小板(PLT)等18项血象指标。结果:RBC、HB、HCT在不同时段出现不同的变化,其中第3天至14天是逐渐下降的过程,14天形成一个低谷,28天回升到高峰,第35天又呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。WBC及分类、血小板等指标也有一定的规律性变化,但无统计学意义。结论:运动员高原训练之后返回平原训练的不同时间血象指标的变化有一定规律性,对评定高原训练的效果及运动员机能状态和体能的恢复情况的准确判断有着重要意义。     

体育教师实践性知识研究

方法：采用自编的《体育教师有效教学行为》问卷对120名中小学体育教师施测,再结合访谈法和观察法,对中小学体育教师实践知识的特性、形成及影响因素等加以研究。目的：通过对体育教师实践知识的现状、影响因素的考察,增强教师的自尊和自信,促进教师的专业发展。结论：不同性别,职称、地域的教师的实践性知识有一定的差异性;教师实践性知识可通过自我反思和理论提升两种途径获得,教师实践性知识可通过建立学习共同体的方式加以传承;教育理念、自我的认识、教学策略以及反思是影响体育教师实践知识形成的因素。     

从第30届奥运会男篮比赛谈中国男篮目前存在的问题

通过实况录像、数理统计、比较等方法,从得失分、篮板球、失误抢断等重要技术指标,对中国队在第30届奥运会男篮比赛的5场比赛进行了客观的分析定位,着重指出中国男篮在身体条件、技战术意识、心理素质等方面存在的问题和解决方案,旨在为提高中国队的技战术水平提供参考。