Investigation of iodine concentration in salt,water and soil along the coast of Zhejiang,China

Objective: We aim to describe the environment iodine concentration in salt, water and soil along Zhejiang Province coast in the China foreland. It will be helpful for us to judge whether this area is insufficient in iodine and universal iodized salt is necessary or not. Methods: We collected iodized salt samples, drinking water samples (tap water in the towns, and well water or spring water in the villages), water samples from different sources (ditches, lakes, rivers) and soil samples through random sampling in June, 2005. Salt, water and soil iodine was detected by arsenic-cerium redox method. Statistical analysis was expressed as mean±SEMby Windows SPSS 13.0. Results: (1) The iodine concentration in salt was 27.9±4.33 mg/kg (n=108). (2) Seventy-five water samples were collected. The water iodine value was 0.6～84.8 μg/L (mean of 11.66 μg/L). The watershed along the Qiantang River has significantly higher iodine content than the water in Lin'an in mountain area (P＜0.01). The iodine content and mean iodine content of tap water, well or spring water and natural water sources were 4.30±2.43 μg/L (n=34), 23.59±27.74 μg/L (n=19)and 12.72±10.72 μg/L (n=22) respectively. This indicated that among environmental water sources, the ditch iodine content was the highest with river water iodine being the lowest (P＜0.01). (3) Soil iodine value was 0.11～2.93 mg/kg (mean of 1.32 mg/kg).Though there was no statistical difference of soil iodine in different districts (P=0.131), soil iodine content correlated positively with water iodine content. Conclusion: Iodine concentration in salt accords with national policy of adding iodine in salt. Foreland has more iodine in water than mountain area. The data reflected that water and soil iodine in foreland area was not high, which suggests universal iodized salt should be necessary. Environment iodine has relatively close association with pollution.     

碘酸钙溶度积的测定

采用碘量法测定碘酸钙溶度积常数，方法十分简单，测定结果满意．     

纳米尺度AgBr/I乳剂颗粒的光电子衰减行为

本文以鱼明胶为保护介质,在不同的鱼明胶-溴化银比值下,采用双注法制备AgBr/I纳米颗粒乳剂,以TEM观测颗粒形态,据此统计得出该乳剂中AgBr/I纳米颗粒平均粒径(d)及粒径分布系数(|±σ|/d).鱼明胶-溴化银比值在0.31 g/mmol-0.62 g/mmol范围内,颗粒平均粒径仅有微小变化,但粒径分布系数随该比值的增大而减小,表明颗粒均一性提高.采用微波光导法对该纳米尺度AgBr/I乳剂颗粒的光电子衰减过程进行测试,结果表明,纳米尺度Ag-Br/I乳剂颗粒的光电子衰减过程为双组分,即初始快衰减和随后慢衰减,其衰减过程皆符合一级动力学规律.该纳米尺度乳剂颗粒光电子寿命较常规乳剂颗粒明显缩短.     

图像处理技术在河流动力学实验教学中的应用

基于图像处理技术,设计了含植物水流紊动及物质输运实验,通过学生自主开展实验方案设计、实验现场观察与实验结果分析,加强学生对河流动力学中河道水流紊动、泥沙起动及物质输运相关概念的理解,使学生熟练掌握相关理论知识、计算方法与监测技术。该实验教学对河流动力学课堂教学内容进行补充和拓展,并融合了科研中的前沿、交叉的科学问题,鼓励学生自主设计、独立分析,构建课堂教学-实验教学-科研反哺教学相辅相成的多元协同机制,有效提高了学生的实践能力和创新能力,增强了学生的科研兴趣,对人才培养模式改革和探索起到了一定的推动作用。     

聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-碘消毒剂的制备杀菌与应用

报道了聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-碘消毒剂(PVP-Ⅰ)的制备方法,探讨了PVP-Ⅰ对微生物的杀灭作用机理,并介绍了PVP-Ⅰ在皮肤及粘膜消毒、环境及物品消毒、日常生活消毒等方面的应用方法和效果.     

一堂"含参不等式"的开放式研究性复习课

孔子曰:“温故而知新.”可如今在数学复习中真正能做到“知新”的学生不多,究其原因,恐怕与他们的复习方式不无关系.据笔者调查,如今的高三数学复习课大都停留在老师讲、学生听或学生反复训练的层次上,学生视复习为“炒冷饭”.试想,“炒冷饭”式的复习能“温故而知新”吗?要彻底打破这种局面,笔者以为,我们有必要把“研究性复习”引入高三课堂,即教师提供相应的学习材料或设置与学     

胺碘酮、心律平对犬缺血M细胞电生理的影响

目的:临床试验表明,Ⅰ类抗心律失常药物虽能抑制心肌梗塞病人的室性心律失常,但增加死亡率,而胺碘酮(Ⅲ类药物)可提高心肌缺血患者的生存率.心室中层肌细胞(M细胞)有其独特的电生理特性并在心律失常发生中起重要作用.方法:采用细胞内玻璃微电极技术,用含胺碘硐或心律平的模拟缺血液灌流M细胞,了解在缺血情况下,两种药物分别对M细胞电生理有何影响.结果:(1)犬左心室M细胞的动作电位呈现出与心外膜层肌细胞相似的峰-谷-穹窿(spike and dome)形态;动作电位时程(APD)随基础起搏周长(BCL)延长而明显延长,即频率依赖性.(2)模拟缺血使M细胞的静息电位(RP)除极、动作电位幅值(APA)和Vmax减小、APD缩短,其APD的频率依赖性减弱或消失.(3)胺碘硐可延缓或减轻缺血引起的电生理变化.(4)心律平明显抑制M细胞的Vmax、APA,并随频率加快而作用增强.进一步加重了缺血引起的动作电位参数的改变,并可造成传导延缓或阻滞.结论:胺碘酮可减轻而心律平则加重缺血引起的M细胞的电生理改变.部分地解释了上述临床试验的结果.     

甲基橙褪色光度法测定加碘盐中微量碘

基于硫酸介质中,在溴化钾催化作用下,碘酸根氧化甲基橙褪色作用,据此建立了测定碘的动力学光度法.结果表明,最大吸收波长为507 nm时,碘酸钾浓度在0~1.6 mg/L内呈线性关系,表观摩尔吸收系数为9.17×104L.mol-1cm-1.方法用于加碘盐中碘(V)的测定,结果令人满意.     

淀粉及其水解产物与碘的显色反应

1淀粉的结构 淀粉是植物细胞中以贮藏状态存在的多糖。其分子通式为[C6H10O5]n，C6H10O5表示一个葡萄糖单体，n为葡萄糖单位的数目。从数百至数千不等。淀粉是白色无定形粉末，可分为直链淀粉和支链淀粉2种。一般的淀粉都含有直链和支链2种分子，天然淀粉中直链淀粉约占10％-30％，支链淀粉约占70％-90％。