毕节市城市生活垃圾的现状与管理问题研究

随着毕节市的不断发展，在垃圾的清运、综合利用及处理过程中，目前的管理制度和方法还存在一些值得研讨的问题，这些问题的存在使城区人民生活地在垃圾围城中。要防治生活垃圾的污染，应全面实施垃圾分类收集，实行垃圾清运及处理有偿服务，对垃圾的产生实施源头控制，将现代科学技术应用于现代生活处理与管理。     

爱心门诊

孩子经常捡"废物"怎么办pingguoni@eyou.com问:我的孩子快3岁了,他的口袋里经常装着捡来的塑料包装壳、剪纸的边角料甚至各种颜色的线头。我们跟他说了好多次,他都不改。请问,如何帮助孩子改掉这个习惯呢?     

无氧还能活

在无氯的条件下，大多数脊椎动物只能生存几分钟，有些物种，例如淡水龟，可以通过大幅减缓心跳速率的方法得以继续生存。欧洲鲫鱼，金鱼的一种亲属，能够在几乎无氧的条件下保持正常心跳并继续生存至少五天。这种鲫鱼之所以能够做到这一点，是因为它们能将有害的代谢废物乳酸转换成危害更小的乙醇——即啤酒中含有的酒精。     

工业废物最小化管理研究

本从废物最小化的发展过程出发，研究了废物最小化的内涵，废物最小化的层级和技术路径，探讨了实现废物最小化的基本途径，在此基础上，运用经济学式本原理探讨了废物最小化途径的经济特性和废物最小化的测算方法。最后，探讨了推广废物最小化这一环保模式的各种影响因素，试图通过工业生产流程，工艺的创新为我国工业化的升级换代以持续发展寻找一条切实可行而又经济的途径。     

电子垃圾简单的产业链

废弃的电子垃圾含有丰富的可回收物资，包括贵重金属、塑料、玻璃以及一些能再利用的零部件。根据国外的研究报告，一吨电子板卡，可以分离出286磅铜、1磅黄金、44磅锡，仅1磅黄金就价值6000美元，因此对这些电子垃圾进行不需要先进技术、设备、成本低的手工拆解是非常有利可图的。这样某些发达国家和企业便不择手段地将电子垃圾转运到发展中国家     

创造人生的机会

哲人说,对于不利用机会的人,时机又有什么用呢?一个不受精的蛋,是要被时间的浪潮冲刷成废物的。1921年6月2日,电报诞生整整25周年。美国《纽约时报》对这一历史性的发明,发表了一篇简短的社论,其中传达的一个重要信息是:现在人们每年接受的信息量是25年前的50倍。     

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in flue gas emissions from municipal solid waste incinerators in China

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans （PCDD/Fs） emissions in flue gas from two types of municipal solid waste incinerators （MSWIs） most commonly used in China were investigated in this study. The selected incinerators include two grate-type MSWIs： MSWI-A （350 t/d） and MSWI-B 050 t/d）, and two fluidized bed MSWIs： MSWI-C （400 t/d） and MSWI-D （400 t/d）, which are all equipped with semi-dry lime scrubber and bag filter except MSWI-D equipped with cyclone and wet scrubber （WS） as air pollutant control device （APCD）. Results indicated that the emission concentration and the international toxic equivalents （I-TEQs） of the PCDD/Fs from the stacks were in the range of 1.210-10.273 ng/Nm^3 and 0.019-0.201 ng I-TEQ/Nm^3, respectively. They were greatly lower than the emission regulation standard of PCDD/Fs in China （1.0 ng I-TEQ/Nm^3）. However, only the PCDD/Fs emission level from MSWI-C was below 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm^3. Although the homologue profiles were distinct, the contributions of the 2,3,7,8-subsituted congeners to the total I-TEQ were similar among all the investigated MSWIs. Two major 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners, 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF and 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD, account for 47% and 9% （average values） of the total I-TEQ values, respectively. The correlation between PCDD/Fs levels and composition of flue gas was also discussed.     

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in flue gas emissions from municipal solid waste incinerators in China

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furalls(PCDD/Fs)emissions in flue gas from two types of municipal solid waste incinerators(MSWIs)most commonly used in China were investigated in this study.The selected incinerators include two grate-type MSWIs:MSWl-A(350 t/d)and MSWI-B(150 t/d),and two fluidized bed MSWIs:MSWI-C(400 t/d) and MSWI-D (400 t/d),which are all equipped with semi-dry lime scrubber and bag filter except MSWI-D equipped with cyclone and wet scrubber(WS)as air pollutant conffol device(APCD).Results indicated that the emission concentration and the international toxic equivalents(I-TEQs)of the PCDD/Fs from the stacks were in the range of 1.210～10.273 ng/Nm3 and 0.019～0.201 ngI-TEQ/Nm3,respectively.They were greatly lower than the emission regulation standard of PCDD/FS in China(1.0 ng I-TEQ/Nm3).However,only the PCDD/Fs emission Ievel from MSWI-C Was below 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm3.Although the homologue profiles were distinct,the contributions of the 2,3,7,8-subsituted congenem to the total I-TEQ were similar among all the investigated MSWIs.Two major 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners,2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF and 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD,account for 47% and 9%(average values)of the total I-TEQ values,respectively.The correlation between PCDD/Fs levels and composition of flue gas Was also discussed.