位于射流喷射区的高浓度悬浮固粒扰动特性

利用双流体模型和扰动速度势理论，推得位于射流喷射区高浓度悬浮固粒的固气扰动复速度比值方程，通过数值计算，得到了不同雷诺数及固粒属性下固气扰动复速度比值曲线，分析该曲线，得到了关于流场雷诺数及固粒等效斯托克斯数对固粒跟随气流的扰动性能影响的结论，这些结论是在计入气流粘性的条件下得到的，对于两相射流发展的认识和工程实际中实施对两相射流场的人工控制有重要意义。     

反相悬浮法制备AA—AM共聚强吸水树脂

采用反相悬浮法制备了丙烯酸—丙烯酰胺共聚强吸水树脂,并考察悬浮剂、引发剂、交联剂、单体配比、丙烯酸中和度、油水比和聚合温度对聚合体系稳定性及树脂吸水率的影响.     

启发式物理演示实验教学模式探索——以声悬浮实验为例

随着演示实验室的升级改造,对现有演示实验教学模式进行探索。以"声悬浮"为选题,设计问题导向、学生主体的教学过程,在完成"声速测量"常规实验的基础上,引导学生自主设计超声悬浮演示实验装置,从固定换能器频率改变噪声反射面形状着手探究颗粒悬浮状态与反射面形状的关系,然后研究不同频率换能器下的颗粒悬浮状态。在此基础上继续探索了在同频双换能器作用下的颗粒悬浮及改变两声波相位差时悬浮颗粒的状态变化,最后进一步研究了不同频率双换能器作用下的颗粒悬浮。通过层层递进的启发方式,激发学生对物理实验的兴趣,使学生创新意识和创新能力得到培养。     

Design and analysis of superconducting magnets of a new mixed Maglev model

A new electromagnetic suspension model using a combination of high temperature superconductors (HTS) and copper conductors is proposed in this paper. A feasibility study showed that the magnets of our model can generate the 250 kg vertical suspension force. Three dimensional FEM and Design Sensitivity Analysis using the levitation gap length and cross sectional dimensions of the HTS magnets as design parameters were conducted to obtain the optimal shape of the cross section and the configuration of the HTS magnet. It was found that the gap length when optimized HTS magnet was used was much larger than that when copper conductor magnet was used, while the HTS coil volume was minimum, and the perpendicular field along the outer surface of the HTS coil was less than 0.12 T.     

Interaction Between DEHP and Particulate in a Eutrophic Lake

Characteristics of interaction between di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate(DEHP) and particulate in a eutrophic lake were studied in this paper. DEHP concentrations ranged from 89.9 to 247 μg/L with an average value of 146 μg/L in subsurface water (SSW) samples, and from 82.0 to 390 μg/L with an average value of 211 μg/L in water surface microlayer (SM) samples. The results indicate that there was only a weak correlation between the DEHP concentrations and suspended particulate material(SPM) concentrations in both SSW and SM,while the significant correlation between DEHP concentrations and chlorophyll a concentrations was found,which suggestes that DEHP was principally bound to phytoplankton in the eutrophic lake. Correlation between DEHP concentrations and total phosphor (TP) concentrations was also found in this investigation. Enrichment factors (EF) of DEHP in SM were in the range of 0.85 to 2.12 with an average value of 1.35..DEHP EFs were significantly related to the enrichment of chlorophyll a in SM. The results suggest that the enrichment of DEHP in SM of this eutrophic lake was mainly due to DEHP accumulation in phytoplankton and was controlled by distribution of phytoplankton between SM and SSW.     

基于聚乙二醇对氧化锆悬浮体分散性和流变性的研究

在氧化锆陶瓷的凝胶注模成型制备中,为了消除空气中坯体表面脱粉现象,试图在常用的丙烯酰胺体系的基础上增加了一种新的水溶性聚合物组分,形成一种新型的聚合物-单体共存的凝胶注模成型体系.这种体系在某种条件下要优于原有单一丙烯酰胺体系,通过研究添加聚乙二醇对氧化锆悬浮体的分散特性、固化特性及其流变行为的影响,结果表明,添加1.5wt%水溶性聚合物聚乙二醇发现可以消除坯体的表面脱粉,同时大大地改善了氧化锆浓悬浮体的分散性和流动性.     

声学多普勒流速仪在水槽流速测量中的应用

针对声学多普勒流速仪(ADV)运用于清澈水质的水流中精度较低的问题,采用了一种向清澈水流中掺混适量悬浮颗粒物的方法显著提高ADV的测量精度。通过对比掺混悬浮颗粒物与清澈水质中ADV的流速测量结果,发现掺混适量悬浮颗粒物后,流速测量数据明显更稳定,符合水槽流场的实际情况。给出了悬浮颗粒物的推荐含量为106 g/m~3。采用该方法,在水槽中沿垂向布置10个流速测点,通过调整水泵变频器频率来改变流速,测量了不同流速时的水槽断面垂向流速分布。发现流速沿垂向分布不均匀,呈线性剪切流分布。水槽出流口的布置方式和水槽壁面及底面摩阻是产生断面流速沿垂向分布不均匀性的原因。最后,通过最小二乘法拟合给出了水泵变频器的频率与断面平均流速的线性关系。     

百年物理学启示

一百年以前，爱因斯坦写下了五篇科学史上著名的论文，第一篇是《关于光的产生和转化的一个推测性观点》，这篇论文讨论了光量子及光电效应。第二篇是《分子大小的新测定法》，推导出分子计算速度的计算公式。第三篇是《热的分子运动论所要求的静液体中悬浮粒子的运动》，提出了原子确实存在的证明。第四篇是《论动体的电动力学》，提出了时空关系的新理论，正是因为这篇论文，拉开了近代物理学的序幕。     

难解的人体“悬浮”之谜

飞船遨(ao)游太空,飞机飞上天空,悬(xuan)浮列车悬浮于路面,气垫船能悬浮在水面。它们或进或退,或左或右,无一不展示着现代科学技术发明的无穷魅(mei)力。     

“自制悬浮物和浮沉子”的实验设计

在人教版八年级下册教科书第十章第3节"物体的浮沉条件及应用"中,物体在液体中上浮、下沉的例子很常见,上浮、下沉的实验也简单易操作,但物体在液体中处于悬浮状态的实例却非常少。教材上采用"盐水浮鸡蛋"实验作为例证,可做过该实验的教师都知道,要使鸡蛋上浮很容易,但要使鸡蛋悬浮就很难操作了,因为在该实验中加盐的量不好把握,且食盐在水中溶解需要较长一段时间,虽然玻璃棒搅拌可加快溶解,但这样又会影响我们