Investigation of a spherical-section ultrasound phased array for hepatic ablation

A 3D ultrasound thermal model with a 3D finite element representation for modeling the thermal diffusion effects for hepatic ablation induced by spherical-section ultrasound phased array was developed. The model was first validated against available published measured data in rat liver. Using the validated model,effects of blood perfusion and heating schemes on lesion formation were studied for both single focus and split-focus intensity patterns. It was shown that for single focus sonication pattern the short-duration(～2 s) and high-intensity(～1250 W/cm2) heating scheme can completely reduce the cooling effect of the blood perfusion. The lesion shape and size were significantly altered by perfusion for split-focus pattern even with a rapid heating scheme when the focus spacing was larger than 2.4 mm. Underdosed areas might be present between two foci. Prolonging ex-posure time or shortening focus spacing can reduce the cool region between two foci. In addition,the influences of thermal and acoustic parameters were also studied. When the therapy depth is short(<5 cm) ,the lesion size monotonically increases with increasing attenuation coefficient that ranges from 5.4 to 11 Np/(m?MHz) .     

老年人急性胆囊炎急诊腹腔镜胆囊切除术时机探讨

目的：探讨老年人急性胆囊炎急诊腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）的可行性及时机。方法：回顾分析86例65岁以上老年人急性胆囊炎急诊LC的临床资料。结果：成功完成LC83例,中转开腹3例,中转开腹率3.49%;无肝外胆管损伤等严重手术并发症发生。发病48h内行LC42例,全部完成LC,无手术并发症;发病48-72h行LC24例,中转开腹1例,术后并发毛细胆管漏1例;发病72h以上行LC20例,中转开腹2例,术后并发毛细胆管漏2例,一过性黄疸2例,全身皮下气肿2例,并发症发生率为30%。全组患者均痊愈出院。结论：老年人急性胆囊炎经合理围手术期处理可安全完成LC,发病48h内行LC成功率高。LC较开腹手术更易治疗伴发病。     

国产手术机器人首次用于临床 打破国外同类技术垄断

中南大学湘雅三医院在长沙宣布,由该院在国内率先开展的三例国产机器人手术于最近一周内顺利完成。     

基于微信平台的延续护理在膀胱肿瘤切除术后留置造瘘管护理中的应用

目的:探索基于微信平台的延续护理在膀胱肿瘤切除术后留置造瘘管护理中的应用价值.方法:选取2019年1—12月我院收治的78例膀胱肿瘤切除术后留置造瘘管患者作为研究对象,随机分为实验组和对照组,各39例.对照组给予常规出院护理教育,实验组在常规宣教的基础上结合微信平台给予延续护理干预,观察两组患者的并发症发生率和造瘘管护...     

经尿道等离子切除术联合钬激光碎石治疗前列腺增生症合并膀胱结石的效果探讨

目的：探讨经尿道等离子切除术联合钬激光碎石治疗前列腺增生症合并膀胱结石的效果。方法：回顾性分析都安瑶族自治县人民医院于2018年1月至2022年5月收治的82例前列腺增生症合并膀胱结石患者，将采用经尿道等离子切除术联合气压弹道碎石治疗的40例患者归为参照组，42例应用经尿道等离子切除术联合钬激光碎石治疗的患者为研究组。对两组手术相关指标、治疗效果、术后并发症发生情况以及生活质量进行比较。结果：研究组手术指标均优于参照组，术后两组平均尿流率、最大尿流率、残余尿量均明显改善，但两组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；研究组术后6 h、12 h、24 h视觉模拟评分（VAS）均比参照组低，研究组结石排净率与并发症发生率均较参照组低，研究组生活质量各维度评分均较参照组高（P<0.05）。结论：经尿道等离子切除术联合钬激光碎石可有效改善前列腺增生症合并膀胱结石患者临床症状，且有助于减轻术后疼痛，手术指标较优，治疗效果值得肯定，术后并发症发生风险较低，对患者生活质量的提升有积极意义。