教学疾病范畴论

正如人这个有机体容易患上疾病一样,教学这个多元而复杂的系统,在不当的运作方式和内外异常因素的浸染之下,也容易患上这样或那样的疾病。我们认为,教学疾病就是指教学系统在内外异常因素的影响之下,教学功能不能或不能很好地得以发挥,以至于产生很多不良作用的不正常状态。研究发现,教学疾病具有直接传染性、整体破坏性、影响长期性三个基本特征。①本文在前期研究(见拙文《教学病理初探》)之基础上,主要对教学疾病的范畴作些分析。一、教学专制所谓教学专制主要是指教师带着社会赋予他的与职业俱来的权力,凌驾于学生之上,以种种神圣的理由…     

HBME-1、CK19基因在甲状腺结节的表达状态及诊断价值

目的：研究分析HBME-1、CK19基因在甲状腺结节的表达状态及诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析天津肿瘤医院头颈外科1975．1～1998．1月收治的初治甲状腺乳头状癌行甲状腺癌联合根治术的有完整随访资料的93例患者临床、组织病理和免疫组织化学染色资料，与同期收治的15例结节性甲状腺肿、16例甲状腺腺瘤相比较。对常规HE染色证实上述病变的蜡块分别行HBME-1和CK19免疫组织化学染色。结果：93例甲状腺乳头状癌病例中，HBME-1基因阳性表达甲状腺乳头状癌为51例（54．8％），甲状腺良性病变为5例（16．1％）；CK19基因阳性表达甲状腺乳头状癌为39例（41．9％），甲状腺良性病变为4例（12．9％）。两种基因在甲状腺乳头状癌和良性病变中的阳性表达均存在统计学差异。HBME-1、CK19基因表达与甲状腺乳头状癌患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、局部侵犯、颈淋巴结转移无明显相关性。结论：HBME-1、CK19基因在甲状腺乳头状癌中表达增强，在甲状腺结节的鉴别诊断中是有用的辅助手段。CK19在区分甲状腺乳头状癌和乳头状增生中是一个很好的标志物。     

住院死亡病例188例分析

目的 :分析及探讨住院儿童死亡原因 ,以提高儿科临床工作质量 ,降低儿童死亡率。方法 :对 188例住院患儿死亡病例进行回顾分析。结果 :住院患儿的病死率为 2 .0 %。新生儿死亡数占总死亡数的 2 3.4 % ,1岁占 38.8% ,故 1岁以内死亡数占总死亡数的 6 2 .2 %。导致住院儿童死亡的前十位疾病是肺炎、病毒性脑炎、白血病、新生儿窒息、婴幼儿腹泻、败血症、结核病、先天性心脏病、新生儿硬肿症和中毒意外。新生儿、婴幼儿、学龄前及学龄儿的首位死因分别是新生儿窒息、肺炎和白血病。结论 :加强围生期保健 ,预防窒息 ,重视肺炎、白血病的防治对降低儿科住院病死率有重要意义。     

Investigation of iodine concentration in salt,water and soil along the coast of Zhejiang,China

Objective: We aim to describe the environment iodine concentration in salt, water and soil along Zhejiang Province coast in the China foreland. It will be helpful for us to judge whether this area is insufficient in iodine and universal iodized salt is necessary or not. Methods: We collected iodized salt samples, drinking water samples (tap water in the towns, and well water or spring water in the villages), water samples from different sources (ditches, lakes, rivers) and soil samples through random sampling in June, 2005. Salt, water and soil iodine was detected by arsenic-cerium redox method. Statistical analysis was expressed as mean±SEMby Windows SPSS 13.0. Results: (1) The iodine concentration in salt was 27.9±4.33 mg/kg (n=108). (2) Seventy-five water samples were collected. The water iodine value was 0.6～84.8 μg/L (mean of 11.66 μg/L). The watershed along the Qiantang River has significantly higher iodine content than the water in Lin'an in mountain area (P＜0.01). The iodine content and mean iodine content of tap water, well or spring water and natural water sources were 4.30±2.43 μg/L (n=34), 23.59±27.74 μg/L (n=19)and 12.72±10.72 μg/L (n=22) respectively. This indicated that among environmental water sources, the ditch iodine content was the highest with river water iodine being the lowest (P＜0.01). (3) Soil iodine value was 0.11～2.93 mg/kg (mean of 1.32 mg/kg).Though there was no statistical difference of soil iodine in different districts (P=0.131), soil iodine content correlated positively with water iodine content. Conclusion: Iodine concentration in salt accords with national policy of adding iodine in salt. Foreland has more iodine in water than mountain area. The data reflected that water and soil iodine in foreland area was not high, which suggests universal iodized salt should be necessary. Environment iodine has relatively close association with pollution.     

Comparative study of Anaplasma parasites in tick carrying buffaloes and cattle

INTRODUCTION The world population of buffaloes(Bubalus bubalis)has been estimated at over172million head,more than97%(167.6million)of which are in Asia and the Pacific region,mainly in India(97.7million)and Pakistan(25.5million)(FAO,2004).About98%of buffaloes in the region are raised by small farmers owning less than two hectares of land and less than five buffaloes(Mudgal,1992).In general,the water buffalo is regarded as more productive,healthier and more useful than the cow,especiall…     

英汉委婉语比较

委婉语是英汉语言中共同的语言现象,它源于社会禁忌,既有宗教性、阶级性,又有时代性,在不同程度上反映了某一国家、地域和时代所认同的思维模式、价值观和道德观等;同时,折射出中西方形态各异的社会文化背景,反映出形形色色的社会心理状态和语言文化内涵。     

这些食物防过敏

很多妈妈喜欢在春季带宝宝外出游玩,沐浴阳光。可殊不知,在这个季节,各种花粉会在空气中形成飘浮物,对于那些抵抗力不强的宝宝来讲,吸入体内就容易引起呼吸道及皮肤过敏。不过,妈妈们可以通过食物来预防和辅助治疗宝宝的过敏。蜂蜜:蜂蜜中含有微量的蜂毒,而蜂毒在临床医学中常被用于支气管哮喘等过敏性疾病的治疗。另外,蜂蜜里还含有一定的花粉颗粒,经常喝会对花粉过敏产生一定的     

浅谈体育教师情绪调控的策略

在日常生活和教学工作中,身为教书育人的教师总会遇到这样或那样的矛盾,比如家庭矛盾、同事之间的矛盾、工作中的冲突、师生间的矛盾、身心疾病等。上述这些因素将产生不良的心理刺激,从而造成内心不愉快,引起情绪反应。实践表明,若长期处在紧张状态和强烈的情绪波动,不仅会造成生活规律失调,机体某些功能紊乱,给身体带来众多疾患。如果教师将不良情绪和消极心理带入课堂,还将影响教学效果和融洽的教学环境,最终导致教学失败。     

夏末秋初须防肠道疾病

每年的夏末秋初都是一个比较关键的时令．不少抵抗力弱的人开始受到疾病的“偷袭”,因此患病者人数增多。专家提醒同学们,应注意预防感冒及肠胃疾病,保持室内空气流通。     

上苍公正观的发展研究与启示

面对一个人先前的过失行为与后来遭到的灾祸,儿童会做出上苍公正的判断,认为灾祸是由先前过失行为造成,是上苍的惩罚.文章回顾了上苍公正观的内涵和年龄发展趋势,上苍公正与公正世界信念、疾病认知的相关研究,并提出未来的研究应考虑概念范畴、方法控制、文化背景等多方面的因素,通过适当的教育干预措施促进儿童公正观念的发展.