Potential production simulation and optimal nutrient management of two hybrid rice varieties in Jinhua,Zhejiang Province,China

Potential growth of two widely-grown hybrid rice varieties in the Jinhua district of Zhejiang Province, Shanyou63 for mid-rice and Xieyou46 for late rice, was simulated using a crop growth model of WOFOST. Parameters of the rice growth in WOFOST were calibrated through field experiments from 1999 to 2002 in Jinhua. The potential yield simulated with WOFOST was about 12 t/ha for Shanyou63 and 10 t/ha for Xieyou46, which are in good agreement with the highest recorded yield obtained in this area. Under farmers practice, current yield is about 7.5 t/ha for Shanyou63 and 6.5 t/ha for Xieyou46. There is a gap between the actual rice yield and the potential yield for these two hybrid rice varieties grown in this area. The attainable target yields were set to 70% to 75% of their potential yields for the two varieties. A recently developed software ＂Nutrient Decision Support System （NuDSS）＂ for irrigated rice was used to optimize nutrient management for these two rice varieties. According to NuDSS, the optimal fertilizer N requirement for the target yields was about 150 kg/ha for Shanyou63 and about 120 kg/ha for Xieyou46, which were only about 70% of the fertilizer N application under current farmers＇ practice. Comparing with farmers＇ practice, there is great potential to increase actual rice yields and to reduce fertilizer N use rates by improving rice crop management practice in Jinhua.     

Relationship between hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome

Objective: To investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and hyperuricemia. Methods: A total of 2 374 subjects who received health examination in our hospital from Jan. 2004 to Dec. 2006 were enrolled in our study. Hyperuricemia is defined as ≥7 mg/dl (in men) or ≥6.0 mg/dl (in women). Metabolic syndrome was defined using AHA/NHLBI (American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) criteria. Results: (1) The overall prevalence of hyperuricemia was 13.10%. The condition was more common in men than in women (19.07% vs 3.42%). (2) Among men, uric acid concentration is statistically significantly positively correlated with waist circumference, blood pressure, and triglyceride. Uric acid is negatively correlated with serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Uric acid concentration is most strongly correlated with serum triglyceride (r=0.379) and waist circumference (r=0.297). Among women, statistically significant positive correlations were noted for the serum uric acid concentrations with waist circumference, triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose. Serum triglyceride (r=0.329) and waist circumference (r=0.234) are most strongly correlated with uric acid concentrations. (3) Men with hyperuricemia had a 1.634-fold increased risk of metabolic syndrome as compared with those without hyperuricemia odds ratio (OR)=1.634, P=0.000. Women with hyperuricemia had a 1.626-fold increased risk of metabolic syndrome (OR=1.626, P=0.000) as compared with those without hyperuricemia. Conclusion: Hyperuricemia is prevalent among Chinese population. Additionally, serum uric acid is positively associated with metabolic syndrome.     

生物技术教育刍议

<正> 1 引言 "生物技术"本意是指在分子、细胞水平上定向操纵或改造生物体的技术。1917年匈牙利工程师Kall Ereky首次使用"生物技术"这一名词时,其原意是指用甜菜作为饲料进行大规模养猪,即利用生物将原材料转变为产品。随着科学和技术的发展,这个概念的外延逐渐被人为地扩大,泛指对所有利用生物体本身、代谢产物及功能等技术。人们为了满足科学技术     

C_(60):纳米传奇的开端

美国科学家罗伯特·柯尔、理查得·斯莫利和英国科学家哈罗德·克罗特因发现碳元素的第三种存在形式C_(60)(分子结构模型如图1),共同荣获1996年诺贝尔化学奖。皇家科学院评委们说,他们的研究成就开创了一个新的化学分支,对于诸如天体化学、超导、材料化学和物理学等不同领域都具有重大意义。     

纳米碳掺杂TiO2的制备、表征及可见光光催化性能实验

结合科研成果,开设了一种简便的纳米碳掺杂TiO2的制备、表征和可见光光催化性能的实验。实验内容涵盖材料化学、无机合成、仪器分析、催化等专业知识,涉及材料和环境等领域。可作为大学化学综合型实验,也可以此为基础升格为大学化学综合创新型实验。     

美国科学家发现线虫线粒体代谢状态是控制生命长度的关键

据2010年12月4日好参考消息》援引美国每日科学网站2010年12月2日报道,美国得克萨斯大学卫生科学中心圣安东尼奥校区的杰弗里·巴特勒和沙恩·雷在《美国实验生物学联合会会志》月刊封面上发表了他们的这一研究结果。     

维管束：植物的“桥梁”

面对一棵大树,人们经常会赞美阳光下勤勤恳恳的绿叶,它们是充满工作热情的榜样：也会大力讴歌居于地下默默无闻的树根,那可是无私奉献的楷模。可是很少有人会去深究：根吸收的水分和氮、磷、钾等如何被送上枝头,绿叶制成的＂面包＂又是怎样被运到根部的。     

氧化单壁碳纳米角对环丙沙星的吸附动力学及热力学研究

本文研究讨论氧化单壁碳纳米角(ox SWNHs)对环丙沙星的吸附行为,考察其吸附动力学和热力学.结果表明,ox SWNHs对环丙沙星的吸附量为347 mg/g,且其吸附动力学行为符合伪二级模型. ox SWNHs对环丙沙星的吸附量随着温度的升高而增加,使用Langmuir方程及Freundlich方程能较好的拟合吸附过程,但Freundlich拟合效果更加.所得热力学参数表明,ox SWNHs对环丙沙星的吸附是一个吸热熵增的自发过程.