不同辅助检查方法诊断子宫内膜癌的比较

子宫内膜癌是妇科常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率呈逐年上升趋势。早期发现诊断子宫内膜癌以及准确判定临床分期对选择其处理方式及手术范围有重要意义。该文对子宫内膜癌各种诊断手段进行了全面的分析及比较。     

结直肠癌肿瘤干细胞-未来的治疗靶点

机体内许多组织进行着快速和持续的细胞更新。通过凋亡和组织更新来维持机体稳定是一个精细调节的过程,这一过程由与寿命较短的后代细胞不同的一小群未分化细胞一干细胞来控制。干细胞有三个特征：自我更新;通过分化产生成熟组织;控制内稳定。     

胸苷酸合成酶和雌激素受体在乳腺癌中的表达意义及相关性

目的:探讨胸苷酸合成酶(TS)和雌激素受体(ER)在乳腺癌中的表达及它们的相关性.方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测111例乳腺癌和38例乳腺腺瘤组织中TS和ER的表达情况.结果:乳腺腺瘤的TS和ER阳性率分别为10.53%(4/38)和36.84%(14/38),差异有显著性(P<0.05);乳腺癌病人中TS和ER的阳性率分别为31.53%(35/111)和40.54%(45/111),差异无显著性(P>0.05).乳腺癌中TS和ER的表达水平与患者年龄、发生部位、组织学类型、淋巴结转移相关性不明显(P>0.05).TS和ER在乳腺腺瘤组呈正向相关(r=0.077),而在乳腺癌组呈负向相关(r=-0.016).结论:TS在乳腺癌组表达率明显高于腺瘤(P<0.0 5);ER在良、恶性乳腺肿瘤内表达率差异无显著性(P>0.05).检测TS、ER对化疗药物选择有指导意义.     

EGFR在乳腺良、恶性肿瘤中过表达的临床意义

目的:探讨表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)在乳腺肿瘤内过表达对其发生、进展和治疗的意义.方法:收集乳腺腺瘤标本46例,乳腺癌标本86例,常规多聚甲醛固定、石蜡包埋,切片厚度5μm.SABC免疫组织化学染色,DAB显色.结果:EGFR阳性物质呈棕黄色,分布于在胞质中.在乳腺腺瘤和乳腺癌中的阳性率分别为17.04%(6/46)和56.98%(49/86).在浸润性导管癌中阳性率69.49%(41/59)明显高于原位癌(P<0.05).有淋巴结转移组阳性率明显高于无淋巴结转移组(P<0.05).结论:EGFR过表达与乳腺癌的发生、转移及病理类型有关.检测乳腺癌中EGFR对分子靶向治疗有指导作用.     

淋巴管生成在食管鳞癌进展中的意义

目的:探讨食管鳞状细胞癌组织中淋巴管生成的临床病理意义.方法:应用单克隆抗体D2-40检测食管癌周围和中心区以及正常食管组织中微淋巴管密度(lymphatic micro vessel density,LMVD),分析其与食管癌患者年龄、性别、食管癌分化程度、淋巴结转移的关系.结果:肿瘤周围区LMVD明显高于中心区和正常组织.肿瘤周围区LMVD和淋巴结转移密切相关,而与肿瘤的分化程度无关.结论:食管癌在肿瘤周围区存在着明显的淋巴管形成,检测肿瘤周围淋巴管密度可以预测肿瘤淋巴结转移,因此具有良好的临床病理应用价值.     

白术挥发油抑瘤作用研究进展

白术及其挥发油作用于动物实体瘤后能有效抑制肿瘤生长,这种观点已被近年来的许多实验所证实．论述了白术挥发油的化学成分及其抗肿瘤方面的一些发现,并对近年来认为白术抑瘤几种相关机制的研究进展作了简要综述,最后指出了未来该领域研究的重要发展方向．     

Human cancer genetics

Cancer is a genetic disorder.Although heredi-tary cancers account for only a small fraction of all tumors,most cancers are caused by a variable mix of heredity and environment that leads to accumulations of genetic alterations and then uncontrolled cell pro-liferations(Kops et al.,2005).In addition,genetic alteration is one of the a few most important bio-logical factors that determine the diagnosis and prognosis of different cancers and dictate the treat-ment strategies for cancer patients.Fu…     

Surgical outcomes and strategy of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

Objective： To evaluate the surgical clinical results of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Methods： We retrospectively collected data on 24 patients who underwent surgical management in the past ten years in two hospitals in China and Madras Medical Mission in India. Myomectomy was carried out on all patients. Among them 3 patients underwent mitral valve replacement; 2 patients underwent mitral valve repair （anterior mitral leaflet plication）; 2 patients underwent aortic valve replacement; 1 patient underwent aortic valve repair; 2 patients underwent aortic root replacement; 1 patient underwent Bentall＇s procedure and 1 patient underwent coronary artery bypass grafting because of a breached muscle bridge, Results： One patient died of post-operative heart failure. The mean follow-up time was 4.3 years, There was significant improvement in the symptomatic status. Sixteen patients were asymptomatic with good effort tolerance and only four patients had New York heart association （NYHA） Classes Ⅰ-Ⅱ due to associated valvular lesions, Conclusion： Our experience proved that symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy or non-symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with combined heart disease is indication for surgery as surgical intervention could get better clinical results in this kind of patients compared with other non-surgical method because it beneficially reduces the systolic anterior motion （SAM） of the mitral valve leaflet, which could not be avoided by other non-surgical treatment.     

Science Letters：IGFBP7 plays a potential tumor suppressor role against colorectal carcinogenesis with its expression associated with DNA hypomethylation of exon 1

Insulin-like growth factor binding-protein-7 （IGFBP7） was obtained from our previous colonic adenocarcinoma （CRC） and normal mucosa suppression subtraction hybridization （SSH） cDNA libraries. By RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, we found that IGFBP7 was overexpressed in CRC tissue compared to normal tissue. However, our in vitro experiments performed in 10 CRC cell lines showed that IGFBP7 expressed only in SW480 and Caco2 cell lines, which implied an underlying reversible regulatory mechanism. Using methylation-specific PCR （MSP） and bisulfite sodium PCR （BSP）, we found that its expression was associated with DNA hypomethylation of exonl. This was further supported by the in vitro study which showed restored IGFBP7 expression after demethylation agent 5-aza-2＇-deoxycytidine treatment. Correlation analysis between IGFBP7 expression and prognosis indicated that overexpression of IGFBP7 in CRC tissue correlated with favourable survival. Investigation of the functional role of IGFBP7 through transfection studies showed that IGFBP7 protein could inhibit growth rate, decrease colony formation activity, and induce apoptosis in RKO and SW620 cells, suggesting it a potential tumor suppressor protein in colorectal carcinogenesis. In conclusion, our study clearly demonstrated that IGFBP7 plays a potential tumor suppressor role against colorectal carcinogenesis and its expression is associated with DNA hypomethylation of exon 1.     

线粒体DNA的分子遗传学研究进展

有关线粒体ＤＮＡ（ｍｔＤＮＡ）的突变与人类疾病和衰老乃至肿瘤的关系日益受到人们的关注，研究表明，ｍｔＤＮＡ突变的积累与氧化损伤是人类线粒体遗传病与各种退行性疾病的分子基础。同时，在运动医学领域，研究人员也逐渐发现ｍｔＤＮＡ的遗传多态性是人类有氧耐力的一个有价值的遗传标记，其可作为不同反应群体的基因标志，成为科学选材的理想指标。