汉代美学二题

汉代美学的整体特点在于它的过渡性质,阴阳五行学说将此前的阴阳说与五行说融为一体,提供了一个包括对中国古代艺术影响很大的宇宙观;汉儒的《乐记》、《诗大序》则分别对先秦儒家的音乐与诗歌美学作了总结,提出了对后世影响很大的“以道制欲”“以理节情”的审美规范。     

论“花儿”音乐的美学特征

我国是一个地域辽阔、历史悠久的多民族国家,多种特色文化的交融形成了不同风格的音乐艺术特色。“花儿”音乐是西北人民的心声,抒情细腻的优美、高亢嘹亮的壮美,优美和壮美二者兼备的刚柔并济之美使不同风格的“花儿”音乐呈现不同的美。本文以“花儿”曲调为例,解析了“花儿”旋律的美学特征。     

从《文选·赋》“物色”类看先唐物色赋的结构类型——《文选·赋》“物色”类研究之五

从物我关系的不同处理方式考察,《文选.赋》"物色"类所录作品与先唐其他物色赋的艺术结构类型大体有以主观意绪结构全篇和以对象的空间布局结构全篇两种。《文选.赋》"物色"类所录作品全为以主观意绪结构全篇,部分先唐物色赋以对象的空间布局来结构全篇。从艺术审美的角度言,以对象的空间布局结构全篇的物色赋,缺乏激动人心的感情力量,并不是成功的作品;而以主观意绪结构全篇的物色赋,则具有永恒的艺术生命力。《文选.赋》"物色"类所录全为以主观意绪结构全篇的作品,充分说明了萧统不一般的艺术眼光。     

高校思想政治理论课的精致化

高校思想政治理论课05改革方案已实施了近四年之久,是时对既往经验进行回顾和审视,以精致教育理念重新解读思想政治理论课建设是深化改革的必然选择。实现思想政治理论课精致化有着内在的深层原因,应从教学内容、教学手段、教学考核等方面来实现。     

高职“异质分组合作”教学的反思研究──以南华工商学院大学英语大班授课教学实验为例

高职大学英语大班授课教学质量堪忧,合作学习理论的引人似乎为此带来了契机。该文所示的＂异质分组合作＂教学实验结果显示,该教学方法能推动班级成绩提高,尤其是对低分段学生有一定促进作用。但是,实验班成绩的提高幅度不及其中一个控制班的事实也表明,该教学方法可能有其缺陷和适用范围,还需要做出反思和深入研究。     

鲁迅为何不公开发表《孤独者》与《伤逝》

《孤独者》与《伤逝》相隔四天完成,鲁迅不公开发表的原因与《野草》直接相关。《野草》记录着鲁迅“难于直说”的爱情心理历程,含蓄委婉,有意掩饰爱情色彩以免引起对手的攻击。而《孤独者》、《伤逝》在彻底反封建主义思想中又蕴含着作者自己的情感世界。鲁迅为了保护《野草》的神秘,保护自己的爱情,于是把《孤独者》、《伤逝》锁进抽屉,不公开发表。     

焦循曲论之“谬悠”说

焦循曲论充分肯定了戏剧创作中的虚构手法,并以＂谬悠＂称之。＂谬悠＂之说,形成于长期以来大量的艺术创作实践中,具有鲜明的民族特色和悠久的历史传统。焦循将＂谬悠＂说运用于历史剧点评,认为历史剧和史实之间存在相互印证的关系,剧作家的合理虚构甚至比史官记录更符合历史真实。此外,＂谬悠＂手法在塑造戏剧人物方面也发挥着至关重要的作用。＂谬悠＂之说对于戏剧艺术尤其是历史剧的创作构思、剧情结构和人物塑造具有重大意义。     

Studying children's knowledge base of one-sided levers as force amplifiers

Attention to core concepts in science and engineering in early education has grown recently, and understanding levers as force amplifiers can be recognized as one of these. Previous studies focused on two-sided levers and do not provide sufficient information about children's knowledge of levers as force amplifiers, nor about their learning and its support from an education perspective. It is important to consider load distance and force distance separately, as may be done in one-sided levers, to understand children's knowledge of levers as “simple machines” thoroughly. Moreover, children's zone of proximal development and the possibilities to foster their knowledge should be explored to understand important features of teaching. We thus directed two studies with 6- to 7-year-old children. In study 1, we conducted a paper-and-pencil test in the context of wheelbarrows (N = 370; age M = 6.62). We investigated whether it is possible to empirically separate the features load, load distance, and force distance as well as to determine their level of difficulty. Our study showed that children's concepts of the three aspects load, load distance, and force distance are fragmented, with children finding it continuously more difficult to judge load, load distance, and force distance correctly. In study 2, we developed a 20-min intervention with a controlled 2 × 2 pre-post follow-up design for exploring the zone of proximal development of 304 6- to 7-year-old children in the domain of one-sided levers as force amplifiers, focusing on force distance and load distance. We implemented a structured learning environment that encouraged the children to manipulate wheelbarrows and supported them with pictures and/or verbal prompts. 6- to 7-year-old children had a higher learning gain when they were exposed to scaffolds that combined pictures and verbal prompts in the posttest as well as in the follow-up test four weeks later compared to the control group.     

网络流行语“给力”探析

近来,由于网络的强大号召力,＂给力＂已成为当下网络上的流行语,并不知不觉地从网络走入了社会。拟从＂给力＂产生的语言现象出发,分析其词性,并通过与之相似词的比较分析,探讨＂给力＂广泛传播的原因以及未来的发展前景。     

基于远程条件培养农民大学生的实践探索——以湖南广播电视大学为例

实践表明,基于远程条件培养农民大学生必须加强内外联合,实现资源的优势互补与共享;强化基本条件,满足农民大学生培养的教学需求;坚持系统办学,形成教学与管理合力;打造教学团队,远近结合创新教学。随着"一村一名大学生计划"持续深入而全面的开展,基于远程条件的农民大学生培养项目在稳步推进中,也凸现出诸如农民大学生培养项目发展后劲不足、培养经费有限、专业设置相对滞后等问题。为解决这些问题,需要争取政策,加强合作,持续推进;城乡统筹,适时转型,协调发展;开放理念,创新模式,打造品牌。